Work Cultures and Social Loafing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Work Cultures and Social Loafing - Essay ExampleThe study was important because it helps us to look the behavior of people in different countries and different work enculturation and sought to find extinct remedies for this organizational menace.Research was never conducted before about this subject and it assumes significance from the fact that work culture is often ignored and it is further important because work culture changes from country to country and it cant be modify / modified .Research conducted in the United States indicates that members of cultures whose value emphases and amicable institutions have been characterized as group-oriented would tend to mildew more cohesive groups and be more likely to place group benefit over person benefit than members of various(prenominal)istic.(Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 3, 368-384 (1983)Social Loafing is a tendency or phenomenon of an various(prenominal), to work little when in group than when work alo ne. As such, group movement may not be o.k. when compared to individual performance. Social loafing is the tendency to reduce individual effort when work in groups compared to the individual effort expended when working alone (Williams & Karau, 1991). It is the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually (Karau & Williams, 1993) Social Loafing- the tendency of individual group members to reduce their work effort as groups increment in size as displayed by the inclination to goof off when performance is needed in a group, miss meetings, show up late, or fail to start or complete individual tasks. J. Dan Rothwell, In Mixed Company Communicating in Small Groups, 3rd. ed., Harcourt Brace College Publishers, Orlando, .83 In their meta-analytic review of social loafing, Karau and Williams (1993) anchor that the degree to which the participants dominant culture emphasizes individualistic versus collectivistic concerns moderat ed the loafing effect. The magnitude of this effect was found to be larger for participants from individualist-Western cultures than for participants from collectivist-Eastern or oriental cultures. Consistent with this, individuals attach greater importance to group performance and achievement in collectivist cultures (Triandis, 1989), where conceptions of individuality insist on the fundamental relatedness of people to each other(a) (Markus & Kitayama, 1991). An experiment conducted on French students revealed that self - beliefs related to ones feeling of uniqueness play a resilient role in performance than in group ( Karau and Williams (1993) Collective Effort Model). Another research conducted by Kline, Ute-ChristineAnderson, Neil (2007) revealed that personality, cultural, social, and work- and organizational psychology of an employee not only affects social loafing but also addresses the motivational factors of situations that both foster or inhibit social loafing under typ ical vs maximum performance . With the increase focus on international ventures and management (Hofstede, 1980 Adler, 1986), it is important that organizational researchers understand intercultural similarities and differences, particularly