Thursday, October 31, 2019

Closing the gap between rich and poor countries Essay

Closing the gap between rich and poor countries - Essay Example We have to create good jobs, here at home, for everyone who wants to work† (Closing the Gap Between Rich and Poor, 2012). Governments can play an important role in reducing inequalities within and among nations. BRICS countries such as Brazil, India and China are doing everything possible to reduce the gaps between rich and poor. In all these countries, antipoverty programs are implemented by the government to raise the standard of living of the poor class and also to abolish inequalities. This paper analyses the strategies implemented by the governments or countries to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor. â€Å"The emergence of information, and more recently, mobile broadband telecommunication technologies, was accompanied by the hype that they could serve to close the economic, educational, digital, and social gaps of our planet among the rich and the poor regions† (Laouris & Laouri, 2004, p.254). However, it is necessary to develop infrastructure necessary to use these technologies effectively. It should be noted that poor countries or developing countries have less infrastructure facilities compared to developed countries and hence such countries are struggling to use the opportunities provided by modern technologies. â€Å"The International community (and especially the G8, the UN, and the EU) must engage in an orchestrated effort to bring technology closer to the poor countries. Moreover, the countries themselves must focus on development goals and transformation tasks that are easier to achieve, have lower costs, and faster implementation rates† (Laouris & Laouri, 2004, p.259). Poor countries have less resources to use the technology effectively. It is the duty of the international bodies to help such countries in developing infrastructure suitable to use technology properly. In order to reduce the gap between rich and poor, ‘developing nations need not only to understand the complex interrelationships between technolog y and development, but moreover, to demonstrate their commitment and will by implementing a well-thought and aggressive strategy† (Laouris & Laouri, 2004, p.254). In other words, visionary leadership or administration is necessary to implement modern technologies effectively to reduce the gap between the rich and poor. For example, India and Pakistan are two neighboring countries with democratic administrations. However, India is developing rapidly to become a superpower in the world whereas Pakistan is struggling to develop properly. This anomaly is existing because of the differences in leaderships of these countries. It should be noted that India is a secular democratic country whereas in Pakistan religion dominates over the administrative procedures. In other words, Pakistani leaders cannot function against the will of religion and hence they fail to implement necessary strategies to reduce the gap between the rich and poor. There might be lessons to be learned from experi ences gained in trying to close the gap within a community, that is, the gap between the rich and the poor within a country or the gap between different communities of one and the same country (Laouris & Laouri, 2004, p.258). It should be noted that in countries where one religion dominates other, administrations often neglect the needs of the minorities and give more importance to

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Journalism and Andrew Sullivan Essay Example for Free

Journalism and Andrew Sullivan Essay Many people believe that in today’s society, a vast majority of the population is being consumed by technology. Andrew Sullivan, author of â€Å"Ipod World: The End of Society†, states that people of today are isolating themselves from the surrounding world, witting out socialization and ultimately dancing to their own beat. In his essay, Andrew Sullivan discusses both the positive and the negative aspects of owning an Ipod in today’s society. Andrew Sullivan was brought in to this world in South Godstone, Surrey, England in 1963. He attended different colleges obtaining his B.A, Master’s, and Ph.D. in history and Government. Andrew started a wonderful career as a Journalist writing for New Republic. Later on he was accepted to write for New York Times Magazine. A gay, Catholic, conservative, and often controversial commentator, Sullivan made history as a blogger. After roughly 5 years he decided to take a break from journalism. Sullivan started writing several books from 1995 to 2006. There are some positive facts about the Ipod. First, the device can hold plenty of music and videos. The Ipod can come in a variety of sizes, colors, and megabytes. The little device can be placed anywhere you can imagine because it’s small and slim. There are about 22 million people who now own the Ipod. Places you might find the Ipod in use vary from major airports, subways, sports games and jogging or walking down the street. Besides the positive outcomes there are some negative aspects. IPod’s can zone you out from the world causing you to be antisocial and distracted. Sometimes the device takes your attention away from what you’re doing and can cause injury to yourself or others. Lastly, boredom takes a huge toll on Ipod users. Once bored, it is easy to insert the earphones and entertainment is tap away. In conclusion, Andrew Sullivan’s Ipod World story helps you give thought to how technology is impacting our lives. Sullivan shares with you some facts around the use of the Ipod and the potential for isolation from society. Lastly, he reinforces the need to adapt the way we leverage technology and still retain the critical communication behaviors that support our society.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Coaching And Mentoring Has Been In Society Management Essay

Coaching And Mentoring Has Been In Society Management Essay Coaching and mentoring has been in society for thousands of years in some form or another. Coaching has been likened with counselling and therapy as a large number of therapists have retrained to become coaches. In the last century it became ever more popular with an emphasis on life coaching, academic coaching, managerial coaching and sports coaching. Anybody can call themselves a coach or mentor and because there is a lack of regulation and accreditation the consequence is problems with adherence and accountability and no way of actually measuring its effectiveness. In the last 20 years industry and business have bought into the coaching and mentoring framework. A survey by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (2011) shows coaching and mentoring to be an increasing activity to improving performance and employee engagement. Because of this the coach has a responsibility for imparting knowledge, through technical ability and skill altogether ensuring the protà ©gà ©s personal and professional development. There are subtle differences between coaching and mentoring, but academics would argue coaching is an element of mentoring (Clutterbuck and Lane 2004). However there is still much confusion and Ives (2010) argued that the reason for confusion is the lack of formal definition. Another way of viewing this is with Hawkins and Smith (2007, p39) who in comparison argue that multiple definitions can delineate the territory mentoring might cover. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development survey goes on to state that it is also confusing because of reluctance by industry to conduct formal evaluation on their programmes and what will its value be within businesses. There are numerous definitions for coaching and mentoring. Bax, Negrutiu, and Calota (2011 p323) stipulates the role of a coach as helping, showing, giving feedback, explaining and encouraging. Along with Linder-Pelz and Hall (2008, p43) who state coaching is about, facilitating a clients performance, experience, learning and growth. The International Coaching Federation (2011, p1) describes a coach as, providing objective assessment and observations that foster the individuals enhanced self-awareness. Mentoring has been defined as a relationship between two people with learning and development as its purpose, (Megginson and Garvey 2004, p2) (cited in Brockbank and McGill 2006). The most striking correlation between the definitions is the phrase learning, which best describes an essential part to the relationship that makes coaching and mentoring distinctive. As opposed to Wallace and Gravells (2009 p10) who offer another alternative for mentoring as a long term commitment and a more gradual process than coaching. It is therefore acknowledged that during coaching or mentoring some form of learning will occur. Hence this would indicate the coach or mentor need to have a level of competence, experience and training technique. The European Mentoring and Coaching Council have identified their core competences within their code of ethics and Clutterbuck and Lane (2004) attempted to identify common attributes. Subsequently other governing bodies such as the association of coaching, the association of professional executive coaching the international coach federation have defined their own versions further adding to the confusion. At the same time the research conducted by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development survey (2011), and The Institute of Leadership and Management Creating a coaching culture Report. (2011) emphasise coaching enablers within business need to be mindful of all the schemes and styles in order to finding the best strategic model. For this reason as with most interventions there needs to be a guide to aiding behavioural modification, these are the building blocks of the various concepts and models. The GROW Model (Goal, Reality, Options, Will) is the best known model for coaching. This model is a goal orientated model which is simplistic, easy to understand and use. It has been extensively described by many authors including Whitmore (1992, 2003, 2009), Downey (2003), Clutterbuck, and Megginson (2005). They imply the model can be utilised by anyone without specialist training, but is lacking a self-reflection process. The Chiumento research report: Coaching Counts (2007) highlights the trend of organisations using coaching models. The GROW model being the preferred choice. According to the literature the model allows for the coach and coachee relationship to be developed and the individual to develop and manage their goals. However it is used predominantly for a short term and to correct a business issue, improve individual performance, facilitate the learning of new skills, to prepare an individual for promotion or change. Mostly case studies give examples of how the model is applied. Therefore analysis is difficult. Further coaching models are the framework to facilitate this change within an individual. The coach by definition is the architect of the process and not just an instructor. Coaching models are the tool kit for a coach to develop the coaching relationship with a coachee. However, as with all tool kits a coach can collect a vast array of tools, but never develop the competence to use them. Connor, M. Pokora, J. (2007 p12) states when a model is used it, provides a map for the journey, for both client and coach. That journey is never linear and it is easy to get lost along the way so there must be a process to change direction. To better define best practice the European Mentoring and Coaching Council produced a code of ethics (2008). This was an attempt to standardise the terminology, competence, integrity, professionalism and structure. Unfortunately this is only one governing bodys package. Hawkins and Smith (2007) first presented their model of coaching in the early 80s. They later developed the model which focused on the coach and coachee relationship from the outset. In particular, enabling the setting of clear ground rules when negotiating the contract. The CLEAR Model (Contracting, Listening, Exploring, Action, Review) was very similar to the GROW model although not as restricted and does allow a level of flexibility. There is greater emphasis on the feedback loop for the coach and coachee. Because of the exclusiveness of literature, only slight reference is made to similar areas of study. It is evident that this model has had an influence on further coaching models. Spece and Oades (2011 p38) note that many of the coaching surveys and reviews, impacts an array of psychological characteristics and processes. They also observe that much of the literature, when speaking of coaching, raise the concern to using cognitive behavioural coaching, motivational interviewing and emotional intelligence. McMahon (2007) was a co-founder of the cognitive behavioural coaching model. Her model focussed on a non-directive form of questioning which enabled an individual to become self-aware of their emotions. This model has been extensively theorised and researched with the vast majority being empirical. Unfortunately, it is only designed to be used over a short period of time, but enabled only a competent practitioner to develop an individual into identifying problem solving goals. Nonetheless this did address personal issues but it did not take into account the requirements of the establishments objectives. There is additionally widespread consensus of opinion and ideas as to what coaching and mentoring is or what makes a good coach. The Institute of Leadership and Management Creating a coaching culture Report (2011) examined the link between who conducts the coaching and what is coaching best practice. See figure 1 below. They found that although line managers are the preferred choice, they do not necessarily make the best coaches as this will prevent the success of the intervention provided. Unfortunately the majority of their research to date uses only a small numbers of participants and makes analysis challenging. Figure 1 Who undertakes coaching? Figure taken from the Institute of Leadership Management Creating a coaching culture Report May 2011 The average manager/coach, in order to be successful, requires some form of intelligence, knowledge that they must communicate well, understand their subordinates or peers and conduct themselves appropriately. These skills are not just inherited but must be nurtured over time. Emotional intelligence, as it is referred to, requires the manager to have empathy, commitment, initiative and self-awareness. To know yourself emotionally enables an individual to adjust their behaviour towards others. Sterrett (2006) attempts to introduce this concept to those who are engaged in coaching and mentoring. Wall (2006, p68) refers to a key aspects of a coach or mentor as being emotional Intelligent which, refers to a variety of personal and interpersonal competencies that have huge impact on a persons success. Indeed coaching must now include this element as it can allow the coach to engage at a personal level and guide the coachee to set their goals linked to their own personal values. As a resul t the coachee is more likely to buy in and pursue this relationship if the change matters to them. With all positives there can be a negative as Alexander (2011) alternatively offers another aspect to the use of emotional intelligence. She argues when emotional intelligence is used it can also give an individual the intellectual advantage and can be used to control, manipulate and intimidate. However the article uses emotive language. It is lacking in impartiality and does not produce any credible evidence. The consequence is she has a tendency to over emphasise the negative part. The McLeod and Thomas (2010) model of coaching, the STEPPA Model (Subject, Target objective, Emotion, Perception, Plan, Pace, Act/Amend), is relatively new and offers a more finite element than other models. The basis of the model is to concentrate on the individuals emotions and actions are elicited through them. These are more elaborate in details and interpretation. However it is lacking the flexibility a novice coach needs. The literature leans towards the opinions and assumptions of the creators and is not based on any data taken from independent research. There is also a lack of empirical evidence to indicate the value of its use. In fact the literature showed there was a variation of important aspects to coaching and mentoring. First, the type of coaching conversation, which begins with establishing the relationship between coach and coachee. This was fabricated using the code of ethics. Secondly setting the contract which must contain all the agreed parameters. Thirdly the formulation and setting of goals and obtaining a by in from the coachee and lastly using feedback to make adjustments. Unfortunately the models are limited by their creators and because of this a level of flexibility is removed. It is impossible to suggest that there is a perfect model to use as it would be easier to fit a model in a specific circumstance. All models emphasised the fact that individuals must recognise their own potential, take ownership of their individual goals and aims and review them periodically. The importance of questioning and self-reflection is paramount. The models do however, provide a basic structure for the coach to work with. All have a level of simplicity and some allow a level of flexibility and are all intended to make the coachee take action. There are limitations, and if the coach does not take care, can overlook the basic principles required in coaching interventions. Egan 2002 (cited in Connor and Pakora 2007) states, the model is for the client, in short the coach should not get hooked into constantly checking where they are in the process rather than moving in the direction the coachee wants. Coaching is rapidly expanding into multiple disciplines and applications but despite abundant rigid literature, research into coaching and mentoring is still very limited. If coaching can be claimed as an asset within industry and business alike, studies should contain a varied population with an interchangeable set of objectives. It has been shown that coaching may not have the desired effect for certain environments and that an alternate option would be a more suitable choice.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Hustler - Censoring a Film about Censorship :: Movie Film Essays

[1] The People vs. Larry Flynt celebrates America for â€Å"being the strongest country in the world today only because we are the freest,† as Flynt once said. The problem is, that while the film triumphantly exhibits the (seemingly obvious) â€Å"evils of censorship,† it hypocritically censors out the most controversial parts. The film champions free speech yet is not able to visually depict the potentially harmful material that the First Amendment defends. The content in Flynt’s Hustler magazine absolutely, positively, requires the protection of the First Amendment. The film does not show you why. For how do you expose to mainstream society something that cannot legally be seen in an R-rated film? Director Milos Forman, incapable of surmounting this problem, needed to make changes. He removed the most obscene aspects of the â€Å"real† Hustler and Flynt, and fabricated the â€Å"reel† socially acceptable, laughable (and even likable) depicti ons. Consequently, in the process of telling this story that Forman wished to dedicate to his hero, the U.S. Justice system, he both sanitizes and canonizes Flynt and Hustler magazine. [2] In this issue essay I will first discuss the history of pornography in America and the emergence of Hustler. I will then show how the movie makes the viewer feel proud of the country without letting the viewer choose if he or she is really pleased with what is being protected, pointing out the impossibility of portraying the obscene images in an R-rated film. After that, I will discuss the possible ramifications of pornography, including violence against women and children. I will then address the moral implications of a complete freedom of expression and the possible effects of promoting ignorance about pornography through the movie. Finally, I will comment on my views regarding pornography and censorship in our society. The Sexual Revolution in America [3] Since the 1950’s, a sexual revolution has spawned in America, accordingly downgrading previous anathemas in society, like pre-martial sex, masturbation, and homosexuality. For example, according to an article describing the sexual revolution, â€Å"In the 1950s, less than 25 percent of Americans thought premarital sex was acceptable; by the 1970s, more than 75 percent found it acceptable† (Stossel 74). Norman Podhoretz recounts how in the early 1950’s obtaining pornography was like trying to buy illegal drugs. But Playboy changed all of that, as it emerged as an â€Å"acceptable† form of pornography in 1953.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Policies and Procedures Essay

One employee was experiencing personal problems; she recently gave birth and at the same time, she has to deal with estrangement from her partner. Another employee steps in to do the work of the troubled one, doing her assigned tasks and assuming all responsibilities for her, without prior permission of the supervisor. Although the intentions of the sympathetic employee are noble, the mistake of the set-up is that one employee should not shoulder the responsibilities of another without going through the formal channels of authority. Every employee is hired to accomplish tasks within his job description and could only assume other responsibilities under the authority and consent of a higher office such as the supervisor or division manager, and even then, only if the superior thinks that the other employee could perform beyond and more than what he was hired and being paid to do. If I were the head of the organization where the said incident happened, I would ensure to prevent the same from happening again. Although the second employee could perform the job of the problematic employee, I would not be appeased knowing that my people are switching jobs and making decisions without the prior knowledge of a supervisor. They are simply driven to the act by their personal instincts rather than as sanctioned by the company. The distribution of tasks in a company should be directed by a certain structure that eliminates as much as possible, if not completely, whimsical or emotion-driven decisions by the staff that change expected routines. Firstly, I would institute a policy, or reiterate through a memorandum if a certain policy has already been included in the staff guidebook only it is hidden among the hundreds of other rules there, that no employee should undertake the responsibilities of other employees even if both employees occupy the same rung in the company hierarchy and thus, have similar job descriptions. Responsibilities carry their respective accountabilities. If the substitute performs poorly or make a serious mistake, he should be held accountable along with his superior who assigned him to do the task. Substitution of tasks if ever it is needed should be made official and accompanied with the corresponding paperwork so that the substitute will not only assume responsibility for the additional assigned task including the blame for any mistake committed and reward for any achievement attained, but also get remuneration for it. Those who disobey this policy would be sanctioned with a written and verbal warning. Continued violation would affect the regular performance evaluation of the offender and in turn, his future prospects with the company. For employees with personal problems, I would hire a part-time psychologist as part of the clinic staff so that these employees would be encouraged to open up about personal troubles that may affect their jobs without fear of getting fired or their pay being affected from non-performance or incurring absences. A psychologist could also guide employees to deal with their personal problems while not neglecting their duties. In consonance to this, I will also make it another policy of the company that no employee should be fired or fined for having personal problems that may affect his performance on the job unless the problems would permanently make him unable to perform it for the rest of his life although these troubled employee would be asked to avail of the company-provided professional help. For problems that would affect the financial stability of the worker, the company would also institute a low-interest loan scheme. The endpoint of these programs is to make the employee feel valued so that they would be more open and unafraid to approach upper management if they think that their performance is being affected or would be affected by their personal problems.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

How to Create a 2017 Job Search Roadmap

How to Create a 2017 Job Search Roadmap So you’ve set your career goals for 2017. (You totally have, right? If not, you still have time!) Yet unless you have some organization and a realistic timeline behind them, it’s likely that you’ll be in the same spot this time next year, wondering where the time went. Start the year with a roadmap like the sample one below, and you’ll be able to stay on track without overwhelming yourself with all job search elements at once.December: Start with a wish listWhere do you want to be in a year? What kind of role would you like to have? Before the new year even starts, take some time to think about what it is you really want to do. â€Å"A new job† doesn’t really cut it here- think about which job. Or if you want to keep the same kind of job you have now (or the one you had last), include specific companies you’d like to target.January-February: Do your due diligenceIf you haven’t already, dig in and research your target jobs or com panies. What is the general market for your industry and skill/experience level? Is there a particular hiring season? What kind of salaries are available in that field? Keep all of this information in a file (digital or old-school print) so you can go back to it later, or add to it as you come across new information.March-April: Resume makeover timeIf it’s been a while since you last overhauled the doc, it’s best to start from scratch. There are resume templates available online, or you can create your own. The important thing here is to make sure your current skills and achievements are not only listed, but maximized. Use strong action verbs, and avoid passive bullet points about â€Å"responsibilities.† And most importantly, proofread the heck out of it every time you add or change information.By the end of the month, when you feel like you’ve got a final draft, hand it over to a trusted friend to read and review for information that’s missing, c onfusing, etc.May-June: Interview rehearsalRemember that old joke that asks you how to get to Carnegie Hall? (Practice, of course.) It’s schticky, but it applies here as well. No matter how confident you feel in your ability to rock an interview, you should still set aside time to prep. You can start here, to get a refresher course on what to expect on interview day. Once you’ve done that legwork, practice how you’d respond to particular questions, and how you would frame the information in your resume.Practice in the mirror, practice with your goldfish, practice with a friend or family member until they’re sick of hearing about your problem solving skills. Practice your body language. Practice your winning interview smile like you’re prepping for the Miss America pageant.July-August: Skill buildingAre there skills required by your target job or skills that would make you an even better candidate for your dream company? Think of this as the equival ent of summer reading from when you were a kid. If there are classes available and it’s possible for you to take them, sign up! If there aren’t any available or they just don’t work for your schedule or budget, set aside a certain amount of time per week to do online research or talk with people who have expertise.September-October: ApplyOnce you feel like your foundations are good, start applying for job openings. Keep in mind that a lot of hiring takes place through personal recommendations and word of mouth, so also keep an eagle eye on your networks to see if anyone can help you get an in with one of your target companies.November-December: Keep up the huntKeep applying for openings as you see them, and don’t hesitate to go back to steps you completed earlier in the year if you feel the need. Always be vigilant for chances to boost your skills. Make sure your resume up-to-the-minute. Practice your suave, hire-me handshake. And don’t forget that so much of the job search is waiting for the right opportunity, so don’t be discouraged if you don’t see results right away.This yearlong roadmap is just a guide- if a different schedule works best for you, run with it! It might be that while you’re in the midst of interview bootcamp, your dream job opens up. So definitely keep an eye on opportunities throughout the year, and adjust your plan as necessary. The important part is that you’re setting a plan, and getting yourself in shape for the 2017 new-job marathon.

Monday, October 21, 2019

Self Efficacy

Self Efficacy Stress and Coping Stressors experienced Though performing housework chores may appear simple, I find it a major stressing factor. This is, perhaps, because I have to juggle between the chores and my challenging studies, thus making me strain in balancing the activities within the time limited.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Self Efficacy Stress Coping specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Health behavior and the stressors My unhealthy behavior of avoiding physical exercises is strongly related to the stresses I experience. In particular, during examination period, I am not able to engage in any physical exercise despite being aware that physical activities are therapeutic and help lessen the stress. I usually perceive physical exercises as a waste of time which could otherwise be used for studying. My thoughts are thus the etiology of the unhealthy behavior of avoiding exercises. Stressors mostly distract me from perfo rming any duties, even predefined ones. When I feel distracted, I have developed a habit of chatting for hours over the phone. I know that chatting does not eliminate the stress, but it provides me with a means of escaping from the stressors, albeit for a little while. Coping strategies and their effectiveness Planning and emotional support are the main strategies for coping with the stress factors. In planning, I usually schedule all the tasks I intend to accomplish in writing. This compels me to adhere to the schedule and enables me to prioritize my tasks. Planning is an effective remedy since it gives me an opportunity to appropriately manage my time, hence dispelling the fears of time wastage. Emotional support is also another effective strategy in managing the stressors. Accompanied with my family members and friends, I do not develop the feelings of boredom and loneliness because I feel encouraged. Health behavior and coping By applying the strategies to cope with stress, I am able to allocate time for physical activities. The more I engage in exercises the more I feel relieved from the stressors. This is because the exercises reveal me from boredom and make me feel happy, thus giving me positive feelings. Exercises also provide me with the opportunity of applying the strategies to cope with my stress and enhancing my abilities of dealing with the stressors. Self-efficacy I managed to attain a score of about 78 in all the exercises. I anticipated improving self-efficacy as I put more efforts to improve my workout. My self-efficacy was nevertheless affected by two situations that made me score a zero. The two events happened when I had a lot of work at home, and my friends came to see me.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To increase self-efficacy, I utilized Bandura’s two strategies, which were the vicarious experience and physiologic al states. In vicarious experiences, I leaned on my mates who encouraged me to follow them as they were studying yet had time to engage in activities like gymnastics. This helped me avoid becoming depressed. In physiological state strategy, I refined my thoughts to recognize that studies were not exhaustive, so I should have spared energy for other activities. This boosted my ability to handle stressors. Another important strategy that I employed was verbal persuasion when visitors were around. This made me more active and become appreciated with positive remarks. This encouraged me to work hard and boost my confidence. Headspace Program Headspace is a mental health program developed in response to the need to improve accessibility and effectiveness of healthcare to the youth suffering from cognitive and drug-dependent problems. The program targets at young people aged between 12 and 25 years. The initiative encourages the youth with cognitive disorders to seek professional help. Th e program also empowers the communities to be able to respond in time to the issues in focus. This is done through provision of education and trainings. The healthcare concepts of this program are established on the realization that adolescents do not meet mental health needs that must be addressed in their development using the available local resources (McGorry et al. 68). The program works by creating friendly platforms where the suffering youth can seek for help. McGorry, Patrick, Tanti Chris, Stokes Ryan, Hickie Ian, Carnell Kate, Littlefield Lyndel and Moran John. â€Å"Headspace: Australia’s National Youth Mental Health Foundation- Where young minds come first.† The Medical Journal of Australia 187.7 (2007): 68. Web.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Free Essays on Greek Architecture- A Portrayal Of Greatness

Rachel Jones Jones 1 Mrs. Wiseberger World History 31 October 2004 Ancient Greek Architecture- A Portrayal of Greatness â€Å"Greek architecture: the art of building that arose on the shores of the Aegean Sea and flourished in the ancient world.† (Columbia Encyclopedia) Ancient Greek architecture began with the admiration of ancient Egyptian architecture, and much of the same concepts are applied to this very day. They modeled many aspects of Egyptian architecture and refined their structural imprecision to develop their very own unique style. The Romans, along with other civilizations, admired their unique architectural fashion and borrowed these characteristics to mold and shape a distinct style of their very own. Ancient Greece is known to be one of the greatest influences to present-day architecture. (Arrowhead) The ancient Greeks loved life, and lived it with unmatchable gusto. They were a unique people who prized differences in personality and character. They believed individuality to be the foundation of their society, and individuals should be free as long as they acted within the laws of Greece. They highly respected intellectuals, and the concept of deep thinking. The strong emphasis placed upon intellectuality and individualism allowed them to excel in any area they desired. Greeks believed in striving for excellence no matter how big the challenge. Such an avid devotion for Jones 2 excellence paved the way for their many extraordinary accomplishments. (Arrowhead and Greek Culture) The elegance of Greek architecture reveals their aspiration for beauty in distinction. They possessed several different methods of construction, which are still admired and often practiced today. The earliest method consists of rectangular temples of wood with simple post-and-lintel construction. By the fifth century B.C., trees suitable for use were next to impossible to find as a result of deforestation. Architects de... Free Essays on Greek Architecture- A Portrayal Of Greatness Free Essays on Greek Architecture- A Portrayal Of Greatness Rachel Jones Jones 1 Mrs. Wiseberger World History 31 October 2004 Ancient Greek Architecture- A Portrayal of Greatness â€Å"Greek architecture: the art of building that arose on the shores of the Aegean Sea and flourished in the ancient world.† (Columbia Encyclopedia) Ancient Greek architecture began with the admiration of ancient Egyptian architecture, and much of the same concepts are applied to this very day. They modeled many aspects of Egyptian architecture and refined their structural imprecision to develop their very own unique style. The Romans, along with other civilizations, admired their unique architectural fashion and borrowed these characteristics to mold and shape a distinct style of their very own. Ancient Greece is known to be one of the greatest influences to present-day architecture. (Arrowhead) The ancient Greeks loved life, and lived it with unmatchable gusto. They were a unique people who prized differences in personality and character. They believed individuality to be the foundation of their society, and individuals should be free as long as they acted within the laws of Greece. They highly respected intellectuals, and the concept of deep thinking. The strong emphasis placed upon intellectuality and individualism allowed them to excel in any area they desired. Greeks believed in striving for excellence no matter how big the challenge. Such an avid devotion for Jones 2 excellence paved the way for their many extraordinary accomplishments. (Arrowhead and Greek Culture) The elegance of Greek architecture reveals their aspiration for beauty in distinction. They possessed several different methods of construction, which are still admired and often practiced today. The earliest method consists of rectangular temples of wood with simple post-and-lintel construction. By the fifth century B.C., trees suitable for use were next to impossible to find as a result of deforestation. Architects de...

Saturday, October 19, 2019

The Winged Victory of Samothrace, aka Nike Essay

The Winged Victory of Samothrace, aka Nike - Essay Example â€Å"The Winged Victory of Samothraceâ€Å", or the Nike, represents the aesthetics of the ancients while engaging the artistic sensibilities of the modern man. One of the ways that the statue, The Winged Victory of Samothrace, reflects the aesthetics of the culture from which it came is through the androgyny of the figure. While the figure is decidedly female, it has a thick body and firm stance that is often associated with androgynous figural sculpture of Ancient Greece. The figure is actively engaged, its dynamic stance showing action and intensity as it also reflects victory through its sense of triumph. The pose is captured, as if the figure that it represents as stopped still in a moment, its thrust forward coming to an abrupt, but meaningful stop as it expresses the theme of triumph. The sculpture has an emotional context that evokes passions within the viewer. Even without its full form, it is a powerful piece of work, its smallish, but well constructed wings suggesting t he heights of victory as it is coupled with the dynamism. The Greeks were partially to the flowing fabrics, the beauty of the details creating the feminine side of the androgynous ideal. Often the faces were the primary defining element to the androgyny, but because the face is missing, the masculine is someone less apparent in the duality of gender. Macleod writes â€Å"If the androgynous male youth is characterized by openness, the moment of perfect beauty in the realm of female deities is not that of a free-floating adolescence but rather the static self-sufficiency, the containment of mature Juno† (51). The female tilt of the androgynous balance is found to have beauty when the determination of self-sufficiency can be observed in the stance of the figure. Even though the face is not available to provide deeper clues to context, the emotions of the piece and the way in which the duality is expressed is clearly available to the viewer through the details of the expressive n ature of the body. The work does not near appear the way that it was seen by the public that it was intended to engage. The piece is fractured, the arms and the head missing, although there is some evidence that the Romans have duplicated the head on some of their work as they copied the Greeks. The work was painted, originally, an aspect that a modern audience would more than likely find garish. The sculptures of the period were painted with a waxy type of paint that was rubbed onto the marble (Langley 23). The statue more than likely did not show the beauty of the stone that currently is visible in looking at the work. The balance of how the piece was represented in to its audience in comparison to the way in which modern audiences see the piece is startlingly different. A modern audience sees only the emotions of the body, where the ancient audience would have had the expression of the face from which to first understand the meaning of the work. The nature of Greek and Roman art is that in the modern context it is seen as representative of artistic expressions, but for those in the Ancient world, they were forms of public communication, representing some cultural aspect that needed to be within the social discourse. The pieces that modern man treasure most were definitions of public issues for religion or politics. Through the visual imagery

Friday, October 18, 2019

Strategic human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Strategic human resource management - Essay Example Strategic human resource management ensures that human resource management aligns human resource goals with overall business objectives. The force behind strategic human resource management is the growing need for firms to align their human resource strategies with the general business structure of overall goals In the contemporary market characterised with intense competition, most organisations have diverted from conventional perception of human resource as passive resource that can be manipulated to get things done. Organisations now understand the importance of human resource in the competition-plagued market and treat their workforce as crucial source of competitive advantage. Many firms have realized that there is likely to be no organisation in absence of employees. Human resource practices are thus perceived to be geared towards supporting overall objectives of the firm. This paper explores strategic human resource management of Burger King in Vietnam. Company Background Burg er King, often referred to as BK, is a multinational corporation headquartered in Florida, United States. Burger King’s roots can be traced back to Insta-Burger King, a restaurant chain in Florida founded in 1953. When Insta-Burger King was riddled with financial problems in 1954, David Edgerton and James McLamore, Miami-based franchisees, purchased the restaurant and gave it the now popular name, Burger King. The company has changed ownership severally since then with present owners focusing on restructuring to restore the company’s glory. By 2012, the company had approximately 12,700 outlets located in 73 nations. Burger King has basically relied on franchise business approach to grow globally and seek presence in many parts of the world. Burger King’s licensing of franchises differs from one location to another and depends on regions. Some franchises are categorised as master franchises and are mandated to sell the company’s sub-licenses. The companyâ €™s rapport with its franchises has never been smooth, leading to occasional legal challenges (Phi, 2012). Burger King became interested in Vietnam market in 2011 when the company collaborated with IPP/Blue Kite Vietnam. The company proceeded to establish its initial restaurant in Vietnam in 2012. Vietnam is perceived to be one of the most crucial markets for the company in Asia-Pacific (Phi, 2012). Through franchising, Burger King engaged with IPP group/BKV to ensure faster growth of the company in Vietnam (Phi, 2012). BKV in the strategic partnership was seen as a potential contributor in many crucial areas of the company. BKV was anticipated to provide employee training and development, finding strategic locations, and marketing of Burger King Brand among other roles. On the other hand, Burger king would ensure organisational as well as structural advancement while at the same time providing proficiency and assistance on its global operating system (Phi, 2012). Strategic Huma n Resource Management of Burger King in Vietnam The contemporary market is increasingly becoming competitive and consumer behaviour is also becoming very sophisticated. As such, firms which operate internationally are faced with the challenge competing on global scale. International human resource managers are tasked with the daunting role of developing workforce teams that can work in diverse business environments (Armstrong & Baron, 2002). In order to counter the growing global challenges in international business arena, strategic international human resource management is inevitable. Strategic international human resource management (SIHRM) can be referred to as the process whereby an international firm strategise on how to create and implement business policies and traditions for effectively managing its workforce on global scale(Armstrong, 2008). Strategic intern

Industry Analysis on British Airways Enterprises Research Paper

Industry Analysis on British Airways Enterprises - Research Paper Example According to the report, it is important to highlight because of the rapid technological penetration as well as transformation, the world has become a well connected single entity. As a result, masses around the world have gained easy access to multiple knowledge sources and have become more aware as well as demanding in nature. The rising diverse needs of the masses present in various markets of the world, because of their increased awareness, have created a strong opportunity for business for firms present in various geographical locations.This paper outlines that  as per the estimates of the IATA, the international passenger demand grew by around 5.4 % and the domestic passenger demand by 4.9% in 2013 in all regions. However, the North American carriers which are the main players in the US scheduled air transportation sector received the slowest growth in regards to passenger traffic on the international front. The international passenger traffic for the US market increased by 3 % on an annual basis. On the other hand, the domestic passenger traffic for the US market grew by around 1.9% in 2013, because of positive sentiments related to economic stability, growth in employment as well as the increase in consumer spending.  For the purpose of projecting the future demand for the scheduled air transport sector of the US, attention has to be given on the global traffic forecast provided by the IATA.

Inclusion Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Inclusion Plan - Essay Example Many view this as a step towards the right direction as this has influenced the physically challenged to compete with those that are fit for opportunities in society, which is a move from the conventional discrimination. With this, the establishment of an inclusive plan that helps in the successive integration of persons with disabilities into an ordinary class has become the focus of many institutions, making them to be reputable organizations. In this regard, this essay will design an inclusion plan for a child with autism, in which its development will be in line with the suggestions made by those with autism, their families, caregivers, the public and the various interested partners in the community. Autism is a brain development disorder that develops in children before they attain the age of three characterized by challenges in social interaction, repetitive behavior and non-verbal communication. Autism is one of the disorders under the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis as in the past experts treated them as distinct subtypes. The other disorders that form the ASD umbrella are Asperger’s Syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Syndrome, not otherwise specified. Asperger syndrome abbreviated as AS is a condition under the Pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) umbrella that influences immense social interaction difficulties and non-verbal communication with those affected by the condition exhibiting repetitive behavioral patterns. AS is a contrary condition as compared to the other Pervasive developmental disorders as because of there is the retention of cognitive development and those with this condition also maintain their linguistic. In terms of costs, a household that has an autistic child spends at least sixty thousand dollars on a yearly basis in relation to the management and education of this childhood disorder in special

Thursday, October 17, 2019

How can US Small business survive in a Global Economy Research Proposal

How can US Small business survive in a Global Economy - Research Proposal Example However, there are substantial uncertainties regarding the level of management within this sector, with US policy-makers indicating that there are specific flaws in innovation (Katz & Green, 2011), lack of economic insight, entrepreneurial talent, practical understanding, and human resource management. According to Johnson and Turner (2010), the early phases are of significant value for the small business as these a very high failure rate. Keeping in view this high failure rate in the small business sector, it seems essential to examine the aspects, characteristics, or management skills that are necessary to facilitate the small business to survive and progress in global economy. ... ituational Analysis It is understandable that as the global economy goes on towards more and more integration due to progress of communications approaches, growth in developing nations, and decline in barriers for cross-country business, a few of the best prospects for small businesses will draw by operating within the global market. Within the developed as well as developing nations around the globe, US policy makers at all levels have accepted the fact that small businesses are turning out to be more and more essential with respect to employment, creation of wealth and the improvement in innovation. Alternatively, there are significant reservations regarding the excellence of management within this sector, with policy makers telling that there are specific weak spots in improvement, dire need of economic insight, advertising, entrepreneurial talent, understanding of market, and human resource management (Gupta, 2008). Therefore, a number of small businesses do not get to their comp lete potential and fail to survive, causing lost employments and capital for their area in which they are situated. Earlier research proved that there are four decisive phases within the life of a small business where the phases are decided by the time-span the business has been functioning. The estimated duration of every phase is as follows: first phase is the commencing point and is approximately three years in length. Subsequently, second phase is the development period and is four to six years in length; third phase is the established part and it is somewhere between six to eight years in length; and fourth phase is the constancy period having more than nine years of duration. Linked with all of these phases is a special set of business traits, tests, decision-making aptitude, and

Biodiversity and Ethno botanist Exploitation by Pharmaceutical Essay

Biodiversity and Ethno botanist Exploitation by Pharmaceutical Companies - Essay Example Many medicinal plants were thus planted in farm gardens so that they could be used for treating fast illnesses whenever they occurred even without the intervention of other remedies. Physicians, midwives and herbalists in the 1800s were specifically trained in the use of medicinal plants to solve various medicinal conditions. During this time, plants parts were widely used by medical practitioners to cure various ailments in line with the teachings they received in their learning institutions. The pharmaceutical industry has flourished for a long time going by the number of large and highly profitable pharmaceutical companies that exist especially in wealthy countries today. The industry greatly relies on plant derivatives and should reasonably be at the forefront in pushing for plant conservation according to (Lapinskas par 1). Like every other business entity, pharmaceutical companies have profits at the top of their agenda. Indeed, without profits, they are doomed to fail however worthy their courses are. In order to remain in business, the companies have to seek ways of maximizing their profits and minimizing their costs. These two objectives are usually achieved by engaging in research with an aim of developing new products, improving efficiency and using cheaper raw materials. Pharmaceutical organizations use plants in two main ways; as raw material and as inspiration for new products according to Lapinskas (par 3). These organizations have established massive screening programs to identify plants that could be used for making new drugs, thousands of compounds being analysed every year in this respect. When a compound is... This report stresses that the use of herbal medicine among pharmaceutical companies has really grown in recent times and most modern pharmaceutical firms trace their origin from plant products and the knowledge of ethnobotanists or indigenous peoples. Most pharmaceutical companies have grown huge interest in herbal medicine and this interest has led them into believing that there are great profits in medicinal plants, thus they have turned their focus towards indigenous land and knowledge for new resources that can be used in developing new drugs. The knowledge of ethnobotanists is in great demand and usually sought by pharmaceutical companies and medical researchers in their fight to come up with new medicines and products for commercial exploitation. This paper makes a conclusion that the importance of plants in the development of drugs cannot be underestimated. Indeed many of the drugs that sit on the shelves of pharmaceutical companies are a result of plant derivatives some of which originated from remote parts of the world. Many arguments have been posted regarding the exploitation of plants, ethnobotanists, herbalists and indigenous people by large pharmaceutical companies. While some argue that the companies are innocent in that they commonly manufacture synthetic compounds similar to those derived from plants to come up with mass-produced products, others argue that the companies unduly exploit resources without regard to the environment and those who contribute the knowledge. Going by the arguments posted above, it goes beyond doubt the later argument holds more water.

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Inclusion Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Inclusion Plan - Essay Example Many view this as a step towards the right direction as this has influenced the physically challenged to compete with those that are fit for opportunities in society, which is a move from the conventional discrimination. With this, the establishment of an inclusive plan that helps in the successive integration of persons with disabilities into an ordinary class has become the focus of many institutions, making them to be reputable organizations. In this regard, this essay will design an inclusion plan for a child with autism, in which its development will be in line with the suggestions made by those with autism, their families, caregivers, the public and the various interested partners in the community. Autism is a brain development disorder that develops in children before they attain the age of three characterized by challenges in social interaction, repetitive behavior and non-verbal communication. Autism is one of the disorders under the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis as in the past experts treated them as distinct subtypes. The other disorders that form the ASD umbrella are Asperger’s Syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Syndrome, not otherwise specified. Asperger syndrome abbreviated as AS is a condition under the Pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) umbrella that influences immense social interaction difficulties and non-verbal communication with those affected by the condition exhibiting repetitive behavioral patterns. AS is a contrary condition as compared to the other Pervasive developmental disorders as because of there is the retention of cognitive development and those with this condition also maintain their linguistic. In terms of costs, a household that has an autistic child spends at least sixty thousand dollars on a yearly basis in relation to the management and education of this childhood disorder in special

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Biodiversity and Ethno botanist Exploitation by Pharmaceutical Essay

Biodiversity and Ethno botanist Exploitation by Pharmaceutical Companies - Essay Example Many medicinal plants were thus planted in farm gardens so that they could be used for treating fast illnesses whenever they occurred even without the intervention of other remedies. Physicians, midwives and herbalists in the 1800s were specifically trained in the use of medicinal plants to solve various medicinal conditions. During this time, plants parts were widely used by medical practitioners to cure various ailments in line with the teachings they received in their learning institutions. The pharmaceutical industry has flourished for a long time going by the number of large and highly profitable pharmaceutical companies that exist especially in wealthy countries today. The industry greatly relies on plant derivatives and should reasonably be at the forefront in pushing for plant conservation according to (Lapinskas par 1). Like every other business entity, pharmaceutical companies have profits at the top of their agenda. Indeed, without profits, they are doomed to fail however worthy their courses are. In order to remain in business, the companies have to seek ways of maximizing their profits and minimizing their costs. These two objectives are usually achieved by engaging in research with an aim of developing new products, improving efficiency and using cheaper raw materials. Pharmaceutical organizations use plants in two main ways; as raw material and as inspiration for new products according to Lapinskas (par 3). These organizations have established massive screening programs to identify plants that could be used for making new drugs, thousands of compounds being analysed every year in this respect. When a compound is... This report stresses that the use of herbal medicine among pharmaceutical companies has really grown in recent times and most modern pharmaceutical firms trace their origin from plant products and the knowledge of ethnobotanists or indigenous peoples. Most pharmaceutical companies have grown huge interest in herbal medicine and this interest has led them into believing that there are great profits in medicinal plants, thus they have turned their focus towards indigenous land and knowledge for new resources that can be used in developing new drugs. The knowledge of ethnobotanists is in great demand and usually sought by pharmaceutical companies and medical researchers in their fight to come up with new medicines and products for commercial exploitation. This paper makes a conclusion that the importance of plants in the development of drugs cannot be underestimated. Indeed many of the drugs that sit on the shelves of pharmaceutical companies are a result of plant derivatives some of which originated from remote parts of the world. Many arguments have been posted regarding the exploitation of plants, ethnobotanists, herbalists and indigenous people by large pharmaceutical companies. While some argue that the companies are innocent in that they commonly manufacture synthetic compounds similar to those derived from plants to come up with mass-produced products, others argue that the companies unduly exploit resources without regard to the environment and those who contribute the knowledge. Going by the arguments posted above, it goes beyond doubt the later argument holds more water.

A Good Man is Hard to Find Essay Example for Free

A Good Man is Hard to Find Essay By the title, â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find†, a reader would not suspect what the story is really about. One might assume that Flannery O’Connor’s short story is about finding love perhaps, rather than moral, murders, and convicts. Contrarily, the meaning of this story is even deeper than the naked eye can reveal. Throughout Flannery O’Connor’s short story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† a manipulative setting, leads to domination over the other characters in the story; moreover, leading to symbolic animalistic attributes, fabricating a profound meaning of hypocritical aspects. The monkey presented in the story symbolizes the animalistic nature of humans. The monkey represents the stubborn, bias, and shallow views of the people of the time period in the quote, â€Å" a gray monkey about a foot high, chained to a chinaberry tree, chattered nearby. The monkey sprang back into the tree and got to the highest limb as soon as he saw the children jump out of the car and run toward him.†(O’Connor 325) The animal is chained to signify the limitations to the views the characters like the Grandmother and Red Sam believe. When someone poses animal-like characteristics, humans completely dominate their environment that our social structures have become ecosystems unto themselves. Animals learn to act exactly like their parents as they grow to adulthood; furthermore, once the animal is an adult, it has the behaviors, ideas, and motives of the parents that will never change and will pass those traits on to the next generation. This corresponds with the Grandmother and the story, with her children and grandchildren; for example, when a person is the most dominant character in the family, the inferior ones follow behind grasping the beliefs of the dominate character. The Grandmother’s immutable ways make her the dominant character in the allegory. It is written in the story, â€Å"..The old lady settled herself comfortably, removing her white cotton gloves.. The children’s mother still had on slacks and still her head tied in a green kerchief, but the grandmother had on a navy blue straw sailor hat.. a navy blue dress with a small white dot in the print.. In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (O’Connor 323) It makes the reader wonder that, why was she dressed so dressy for a prolonged drive in a cramped car? For one, this statement is also an example of foreshadowing. Later on in the story, when she is held at gun point, she constantly recites â€Å"I know you wouldn’t shoot a lady!† Ironically, she got what she wanted because when people find her dead, she will be dressed like a lady. The outfit she is wearing also tells about her demeanor. The references to the navy, for example navy blue hat, means that she was strong and domineering like the navy. Later on in the story, unfortunately leading to their demise, she uses her domineering tactics to get where she wants to go using the children’s curiosity. â€Å".. She knew that Bailey would not be willing to lose any time looking at an old house, but the more she talked about it, the more she wanted to see it once again and find out if the little twin arbors were still standing. ‘There was a secret panel in this house,’ she said craftily, not telling the truth but wishing that she were, ‘and the story went that all the family silver was hidden in it when Sherman came through but it was never found’†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (O’Connor 327) The Grandmother purposely says something false to ensure the children will cajole their dad into going there. She knew this was a lie and she knew that she was not going to talk Bailey into it single-handily. The only way possible was to manipulate the children through the use of their excitement and curiosity to dominate over her son. The grandmother manipulates all of the characters except the Misfit who turns the tables on the grandmother in the end. She tries to make the convict feel better about himself by conveying, â€Å"‘Yes, its a beautiful day, said the grandmother. ‘Listen,’ she said, ‘you shouldnt call yourself The Misfit because I know youre a good man at heart. I can just look at you and tell.’† (O’Connor 330) The Grandmother knows of the crimes this man has committed. She thinks she can manipulate him the way she does Bailey but the man can sense this all along. The Grandmother uses manipulation by saying that the Misfit is a good man so he can believe that he is a good man deep down inside and spare the lives of the family. In addition, the grandmother has a hypocritical standpoint, which makes using religion as a manipulation tool goes completely wrong. She  questions her faith in the quote, â€Å" ‘Maybe He didnt raise the dead,’ the old lady mumbled†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (O’Connor 334) The grandmother is humbled as she sees that she has lost the fight. She is now inferior to the Misfit unlike in the beginning, where she stood before him; now she sits faintly on the ground looking up to the convict. The Grandmother could be questioning her faith as if saying â€Å"How could God do this to me?† or the line could be indicating that she did not have very much faith at all. At this point in the short story; it seems as if the Misfit has more faith than she does. She tries to regain her dominance in the quote, â€Å" ‘Why youre one of my babies. Youre one of my own children!’ She reached out and touched him on the shoulder. The Misfit sprang back as if a snake had bitten him and shot her three times through the chest.† (O’Connor 334) It is as if he has encountered something very threatening. It is hypocritical because a snake is usually associated with evil or â€Å"enemy of man† like the biblical story of Adam and Eve. It symbolizes how genuine good appears to genuine evil. To conclude, this story has so many points that you have to examine in between the lines. Basically, the story is about a woman with a domineering personality that has to die to be brought back down to size. The writer conveys this meaning through the use of symbolism, domination, manipulation, and hypercriticism.

Monday, October 14, 2019

The War Of 1812 How And Why History Essay

The War Of 1812 How And Why History Essay The United States declared its independence from Great Britain in 1776 and won its independence in 1783. The United States Constitution comes into play and George Washington becomes the first United States President in 1789. In 1793 war breaks out between Britain and France. Thomas Jefferson oversees the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803. The United States was worried about the war between France and Great Britain. Britain and France were at war with each other, as was much of the rest of Europe. Both sides thought that American ships were supplying the other with food, weapons, and other supplies. American ships were routinely stopped by both France and Britain. Each demanded to search the cargo holds. A lot of times these situations ended in violence. In 1807 Britain imposed the Orders in Council that restricted American shipping and Congress passed the Embargo Act cutting off trade with Britain. It was hoped that it would punish the two nations, who were at w ar with each other, but it backfired and hurt the United States. The War of 1812 has also sometimes been called, The Forgotten War along with the Second Revolutionary War. President Harry Truman called it the silliest damn war we ever had. (Nardo, 2000) It was a war between America and Great Britain. It was caused in part by disagreements over shipping and trade on the high seas and the kidnapping of American sailors who were forced to serve in the British navy. Support in the United States was divided with the West and South looking for a fight, but people of the New England strongly opposed to war. As the war continued, opposition became much stronger. The War Hawks in Congress pushed fighting and President James Madison was steered toward asking Congress for a declaration of war. The United States declared war on Great Britain during its war with France on June 18, 1812. In 1794 the United States Constitution provided for the introduction of a navy. Congress passed a bill giving permission to build six navy ships. One of these was the U.S.S. Constitution. Constructed over a period of three years at the cost of $318,719 it was the second largest warship. (Howes, 2002) The U.S.S. Constitution never lost a battle. During the War of 1812, the Constitution sunk a large number of ships belonging to the British navy. The Constitution commanded by Captain Isaac Hull, got its nickname, Old Ironsides. when a British seaman saw one of his cannon balls hit the wooden hull of the U.S.S. Constitution, bounce off, and fall into the sea. In amazement, the seaman said, Huzzah, her sides are made of iron! (Howes, 2002) Old Ironsides captured 24 enemy vessels. The first major battle of the War of 1812 ended in disaster for the United States when General William Hull who was leading an American army of 2200 men, surrendered to British forces at Detroit without firing a shot. One American soldier, Private Nathaniel Adams, later wrote to his brother, we could have whipped the hell out of the rascals but General Hull has proved himself a traitor and a coward. (Nardo, 2000) Two years later General Hull was sentenced to death for cowardice, but the 61-year-old Revolutionary War veteran was later pardoned by President James Madison. The next battle called for troops to cross the Niagara River into Canada. An American army of 6,000 men commanded by General Stephen Van Rensselaer invaded Canada crossing the Niagara River at Queenston. The Canadian Army commanded by British General Isaac Brock attacked the Americans while they were in the process of crossing the river. Van Rensselaer unwisely divided his forces and Brocks army cut most of a group of 800 Americans to pieces while the rest of the army stood idly by only a few miles away. General Brock took a shot in the chest and was killed in the battle. (Nardo, 2000) In October of 1812, Captain Stephen Decatur, commanding the USS United States, captured the Macedonian, a British warship, near the Madeira Islands off the coast of North Africa. And in December of that same year James Madison is elected to a second term as president of the United States. He receives 128 votes in the Electoral College. Opponents of a second war with Great Britain had revived the Federalist organization, and Federalists from eleven states met in New York and agreed to support De Witt Clinton, not on account of his war views, which were not in accord with their own, but as a protest against the policy of Madison. De Witt Clinton, representing the Federalist Party, receives 89 votes. Elbridge Gerry is elected vice-president and dies two years later while still in office. (Renwick, 1845) Those events led to the Battle of Lake Erie where Captain Oliver Hazard Perry leads a fleet of eleven ships against a British fleet of six vessels on Lake Erie. Eight minutes after Perry broke the British line the ships one by one ran up their white flags. Perry had snatched victory from what had seemed a certain defeat. It was the first time that an entire British fleet had been captured. And with Lake Erie now controlled by the Americans, the British were no longer able to get supplies. Perry announces the American victory in a memorable dispatch on the back of an old envelope to headquarters: We have met the enemy and they are ours. (Greenblatt, 1994) The way was open at last for Harrison to invade Upper Canada and to recapture Detroit and in September of 1813, General William Henry Harrison led a force of 4,500 Americans across the recently secured Lake Erie in pursuit of British troops forced to abandon Detroit. On October 5th, Harrison defeated the enemy at Moravian Town to defeat the British and their Indian allies in the Battle of the Thames. Tecumseh, the Shawnee leader of the Pan-Indian confederation earlier defeated at Tippecanoe, is killed in the battle, leading many of Britains Indian allies to abandon the alliance. (Freehoff, 1996) In the same month in Europe, Napoleons French army is crushed at the Battle of Leipzig. Napoleon, forced to retreat from Russia in 1812 after seeing 400,000 of his men killed and 100,000 captured in an ill-fated invasion, sends a new but untrained army into battle against a coalition of European nations at Leipzig, suffering another defeat that forces his retreat back into France. Soon after their victory at Leipzig the allies offered Napoleon peace under which France boundaries would be the Rhine and the Alps. Napoleon ignored the offer and the allies began a coordinated campaign that made its way through France. Napoleon was defeated in a series of battles each bringing the allies closer to Paris. On March 31, 1814 a victorious allied army entered Paris, and French foreign minister Talleyrand influenced the Senate to declare that Napoleon had forfeited the throne. On April 11th he abdicated the throne to the allies who gave him the island of Elba as his own sovereign principality with an annual income of 2,000,000 francs. (Cronin, 1994) Direct talks between the United States and Great Britain, proposed by the British foreign minister, Lord Castlereagh, began in Ghent. The American delegation consisted of Albert Gallatin, James Bayard, John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, and Jonathan Russell. As the British army of approximately 4,000 approached, the majority of Washington residents fled the city. (Coles, 1965) On August 24th American defenders, with President James Madison in attendance, were quickly routed by the invaders in a battle at Bladensburg a few miles from the city. A messenger was dispatched to the White House to warn First Lady Dolly Madison of the arrival of the British. She and her staff fled by carriage across the Potomac but not without taking with her the full-length portrait of George Washington painted by Gilbert Stuart. It had been necessary for her servant to chop the frame apart with a hatchet in order to remove the canvas. (Greenblatt, 1994) That evening, the vanguard of the British army reached Capitol Hill and began its systematic destruction of all public buildings in the city. British forces captured Washington, D.C. The White House, the Capitol, and executive department offices are burned. Secretary of War John Armstrong was blamed for the poo r planning and intelligence that left Americas capital poorly defended and was forced to resign. After capturing and burning Washington so easily, the British didnt think they would have any trouble taking Baltimore. They figured they would sail their ships right into the harbor and destroy Fort McHenry with cannon fire making way for a land assault on the city. But the British attack on the capital had given the Americans time to prepare for them with more than 16,000 troops and thousands of civilians. When General Ross tried to attack by land he was killed and his troops driven back. A Washington lawyer named Francis Scott Key witnessed the action from a boat about 8 miles away catching glimpses of the bright stripes and bright stars of the forts flag lit up by the rockets red glare. (Nardo, 2000) The sight inspired him to write The Star-Spangled Banner to the tune of an old British drinking song. The song became the national anthem of the United Stated in 1931. During the Battle of Plattsburg on Lake Champlain in September of 1814, American forces turned back a British army of 11,000 men under the command of Sir George Prevost at Lake Champlain, New York. The Americans, who were outnumbered three to one established superior positions on the lake and shoreline, forcing Prevost to withdraw from the field. In the wake of his defeat, Prevost abandoned his invasion and retreated to Canada. The American victory saved New York from possible invasion and helped lead to the conclusion of peace negotiations between Britain and the United States in Ghent, Belgium. The Hartford Convention convenes as Federalist delegates from Massachusetts, Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island meet to discuss their opposition to the war. There is speculation that the convention will recommend New Englands secession from the United States and the negotiation of a separate peace with Britain. Instead, the delegates propose constitutional amendments requiring a two-thirds vote for declarations of war and laws restricting commerce, forbidding successive presidents from the same state, eliminating the three-fifths clause, and restricting future presidents to one term in office. These proposals will reach Washington just weeks before the end of the war. The War of 1812 ended when the Treaty of Ghent was signed at the end of 1814, guaranteeing that the United States and Britain would end their battle. Neither side was able to claim complete victory and they continued fighting for several more weeks. The Treaty of Ghent had come too late to prevent the slaughter in New Orleans. Two weeks after negotiators in Europe reached an agreement on a peace treaty to end the War of 1812, but a month before news of the treaty reaches North America, the United States won its greatest military victory of the conflict. The Battle of New Orleans was a prolonged battle and was the final major battle of the War of 1812. American forces, commanded by General Andrew Jackson, defeated an invading British Army intent on seizing New Orleans and the vast territory America had acquired with the Louisiana Purchase. The battle is often regarded as the greatest American land victory of the war. Speedy communication would have eliminated this battle. The War of 1812 could be called the war of poor communication. (Coles, 1965) It had no impact on the final settlement. The war to me didnt seem to accomplish much of anything. It seemed to be a whole bunch of failures in my opinion. I dont think they were prepared at all and things quickly went from bad to worse. I do believe that the war brought a patriotic feeling to the Americans and they gained some confidence and maybe even some respect from other nations that helped commerce to expand to other nations. It didnt really solve any of the problems that they went to war over but it did cause expansion and nationalism.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Making a new deal Essay -- essays papers

Making a new deal The politics of laborers have made them a vital and vibrant part of American history. One has only to study the underlying political causes of the first labor movements to understand why. Few will doubt that one of the most important parts of labor history occurred with the working-class experience in Chicago from the 1920s to the late 30s. During this era, many workers petitioned the government and employers for changes. Some groups of those workers were successful and others were not. Lizabeth Cohen, in Making a New Deal, takes a different approach from traditional labor historians. She examines the effects that ethnic workers had on the successes and failures of the earliest labor movements. Though striking workers were not endemic to Chicago, labor historians who begin their research in that city will be getting one national story (Cohen, 7). There are several reasons why Chicago is a logical beginning. In many ways, the nascent laborers of Chicago set the groundwork for the numerous benefits contemporary workers have. Earlier labor movements, like so much other history, were centered in Chicago (Cohen, 7). It just so happens that extraordinary political changes in labor took place during the interwar period, and Chicago was the largest industrial city in America then (Cohen, 7). Because Chicago was replete with ethnicity, it is also possible to conduct comparative labor studies. Finally, other than New York, no city had as many strikes as Chicago (Cohen, 12). By 1919, America had its first major strike in which four million people—or one in every five—Americans participated (Cohen, 12). These workers sought to protect their jobs and to solidify their wartime wages. One tool for doing so, of course, was the strike. Another was organizing a political party. Although local, futile, and ephemeral, a new political party was formed with the sole purpose of incorporating change into the common laborer’s working environment. Its candidates had no success in local elections; the party foundered. In fact, the 1919 strike was deemed a failure on the whole (Cohen, 13). Reasons for the failure abound, such as the â€Å"Red Scare tactics of government, employer combativeness, and the AFL’s ambivalence about organizing non-craft workers into unions† (Cohen, 13). In Chicago, there was one other significant reason why the labor movements th... ...ion leadership knew how to and did thwart the divide-and-conquer tactics of businesses. Legislation was more pro-worker, and striking became easier. Workers, no longer getting major benefits from their community, made greater demands from their employers in order to complement those benefits provided by the government. They were getting much of what they sought with relative ease after 1942. A legal pattern for addressing grievances had been set for the workers of today. Cohen adequately shows why ethnic workers should not be avoided in the study of labor history. She assiduously takes the workers of the 1920s and 30s out of their working environment and also examines them in a social setting. Using that method, Cohen proves that the ethnicity of certain workers is just as important as other traditional factors in studying labor history. Her work, consequently, will also be of significant use to political and social historians. While not an intention of Cohen, she shows that democracy was alive and well in a polyglot city. Lizabeth Cohen demonstrates in Making a New Deal that magnificant feats can be accomplished when ethnic prejudices are set aside and Americans come together.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

We Have the Right to Choose Euthanasia :: Assisted Suicide

We Have the Right to Choose Euthanasia Euthanasia is the term for opting to die under circumstances, which lead to it being a gentle and easy death. Euthanasia should be an option for the suffering patient, although certain conditions and laws should be implemented on this issue so that both for and against arguments are considered. My opinion leans toward euthanasia being legal although I can understand the critical issues in relation to this practice that cause conflict within the community. The decision for life is entirely up to the suffering individual. Only under a qualified psychiatrist should there be any influence on an individuals ability to make that decision. Reasons behind questioning the patient s ability to make this decision should relate to their mental or physical status. The psychiatrist s choice should be in the best interests of the patient after considering their health. In many circumstances, euthanasia should be seen as understandable and humane, especially if a patient has a life threatening disease such as cancer or Aids. The following state the current laws for euthanasia in the Northern Territory but only recently these laws have been overturned by the Commonwealth government. These laws include; (a) A patient had to make a request, (b) Cooling off period, (c) 3 independent doctors had to agree being: (1) patient s doctor, (2) psychiatrist, if not suffering from any mental disease, (3) Specialist in the area of disease suffered by the patient e.g.: oncologist (cancer specialist), neurologist (nerve specialist being able to deal with paralysis). The laws determining the act of euthanasia must not be open to abuse, they must be precise and sensitive to the community issues but also be unbiase to the individual. If a patient is not seen to recover at any stage and, after all treatment possible, still remains incurable, then they should have the choice of euthanasia. Euthanasia would be a blessing to the critically ill patients and their families. However, under the above conditions I still can see where much abuse could occur resulting in euthanasia being seen as inhumane. If a patient who was depressed due to a feeling of pressure from home/friends/family the individual s choice for euthanasia would not be rational because there are treatments available to help deal with depression such as regular visits to a psychiatrist or the anti-depressants available from a medical practitioner. People must consider that euthanasia must be reasoned and not used as a temporary pain relief of something easily cured, but still what must be considered is what influence their can be on an individuals choice, example; pressure from family or feeling a burden.

Friday, October 11, 2019

Assess the Short Term Significance of the Suez War of 1956

Assess the short term significance of the Suez War of 1956 The Suez War had profound short term significance in many aspects. It can be argued to be one of the first wars in the Arab-Israeli conflict which involved substantial foreign involvement. Although Britain and France were humiliated and lost their influence in the Middle East, it highlighted the rising importance of Cold War politics in the Middle East. Egypt and Israel can be considered as winners of the Suez War; Egypt gained complete control of the Suez Canal and Israel had access to the Straits of Tiran.However, both countries were to remain hostile and the legacy of the Suez War will be conflict, not peace. First of all, the Suez War in 1956 played a significant role in Nasser’s Egypt. There were many gains for Egypt from the Suez War. American Historian, William Polk states ‘in western eyes, the Suez War made Nasser a hero’ and ‘claimed a political victory within a military defeat’, this comment clearly infers to the unsuccessful attempt of Britain and France to ‘destroy’ Nasser which made him became a symbol of anti-colonial movement.This statement is reinforced by the words of Nasser, where he wrote that the Suez War ‘regained the wealth of the Egyptian people’ and ‘it was clear for the Egyptian people that they could defend their country and secure its independence’, while this comment is partly accurate, as Egypt did manage to gain complete control of the Suez Canal and obtained a large quantity of British military stores, the source here is clearly biased because Nasser had deliberately failed to describe Egypt’s casualties from the war. He had done this to promote his position as not only the Egyptian leader, but a leader which all the Arab nations looked up to.Despite their success, Egypt had suffered the highest casualty with total death up to 1600, while Israel, Britain and France’s death were well below a hundred. Additionally, Egypt had failed to control the Gaza Strip and Photograph A shows despite control of the Suez Canal, Egypt was unable to use the canal efficiently to fund the country; for instance, by collecting toll fees. The Suez War critically damaged Egypt’s relations with America. In response to America’s cancellation of a promised grant of 46 million dollars towards building the Aswan dam, American aid was replaced by Russian aid.However, one should always be mindful that Nasser did not want Egypt to be tied to the Soviet Union as he wanted Egypt to be neutral. Conversely, in American eyes, Egypt became part of the Cold War; as any country which was not part of Western alliance and which bought arms from Eastern Europe was just as bad as the USSR. The Suez War 1956 was of great significance for Israel. We can reinforce Avi Shlaim’s interpretation on the Sinai campaign to help discuss the impact on Israel. Despite an Israeli, Avi Shlaim gives a ne utral point on the impacts to Israel.The origin of the Sinai campaign was initially planned by Ben Gurion and its leaders such as Moshe Dayan. It’s 3 ‘Operational Objectives’ were to defeat the Egyptian Army, to open up Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping and to put an end to Fedayeen attacks across Israel’s southern border. Moshe Dayan, in his memoirs, the Story of My Life, was confident that the three main objectives were achieved by the end of the Suez War. The Israeli army won a clear military victory which proved the Israeli Defense Forces the strongest in the Middle East; this was further reinforced by Moshe Dayan as ‘Nasser learned the respect the power of Israel’s army. Although Shlaim’s view that damage to Egypt was ‘slight and quickly repaired’ due to timely withdrawal from Sinai, Historian Normal Lowe argues that the inflicted heavy losses on Egypt in men and equipment would take ‘years to make goodâ€℠¢. Furthermore, Israel managed to gain access to the Straits of Tiran, allowing them to trade with Asia and Africa. The end to Fedayeen attacks proved immense success, the Sinai Peninsula became effectively demilitarized guarded by UN troops which would allow Israel to enjoy eleven years of security and stability along the border with Egypt.As well as the Three ‘Operational Objectives’ from the Sinai Campaign, it consisted of three political aims; to overthrow Nasser, expand Israeli borders and establishment of a new political order in the Middle East. Unlike the successes from their operational objectives, they failed to achieve the political aims. In the first political aim, Israel paid a heavy political price for ganging up with Britain and France against the emergent forces of Arab nationalism. In the second political aim involving Israel’s borders, Israel was forced to disgorge all the territory it had conquered.The third aim however, written by Shlaim tends to contradict Moshe Dayan’s view that the ‘victory in Sinai meant that Israel emerged as a state that would be welcomed as a friend and ally. ’ While this may not be directed at Arab nations, it may have been implied in terms of relations with foreign powers. Although Ben Gurion failed to topple Nasser and achieve his political aims, the Suez War had allowed Gurion to force Sharett’s resignation which initially gave him the option of launching a war against Egypt. Moreover, Shlaim contends that Israel and Ben Gurion learned two important lessons from its experience in the Suez War.Firstly, Israel must rely on nuclear deterrence to protect its borders rather than expanding it. Secondly, Israel was to depend on the US in future decision making and must deal and directly consult with the US before engaging in future wars; this is evident in the Suez War, where Israel was pressured by US withholding aid and expulsion from the United Nations to withdraw from S inai. The impact of Suez War led to a high tide of Arab Nationalism in the Middle East. When Nasser regained control of the Suez Canal he destroyed the statue of De Le Sepp's; a clear message of Egypt’s contempt for western imperialism.Arabs reduced oil supplies to Western Europe showing they have become more anti-western. Syria and Saudi Arabia also broke off relations with Britain and France. In 1957, a ‘Treaty of Arab Solidarity’ was signed by Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Despite the mistrust remaining between the Arab states, this treaty highlighted the Arab nations all had a united aim to overthrow Israel and support the Palestinians. This is supported by Ian J. Bickerton and Carla L. Klausner as they discuss how Suez war ‘only deepened the Arab desire for revenge’.Furthermore, William Cobban argues that the legacy of the Suez Crisis will be ‘war not peace’, and that Nasser would rally the Arab nations to a full scale war against the Israelis. This view of Arab Nation’s continual avenging attitude towards Israel is reinforced by Andrew Goldsmith, as he argues that the result of the Suez War resembled a ‘hiccup rather than a true turning point in the history of Egypt and Israel’s internal politics’. It was one of many conflicts in which Arab countries and Israel have failed to solve any existing tensions.Another short term significance of the Suez War was that it greatly damaged leading European colonial powers particularly Britain. Keith Kyle argues that Suez confirmed to the world that Britain was ‘no longer a superpower’, as Britain’s failure to overthrow Nasser and secure the Suez Canal had cost them world degradation. With a clear indication of Britain’s end of imperialism, it led to a further decline of British and French influence around the world such as in Africa and South-East Asia. The Suez War encouraged rebels in Algeria, where the Alg erians gained their independence from France in 1962.Britain’s failure had cost them to lose foreign allies; the Israelis now looking towards the USA as their main supporter. Britain’s decreasing influence in the Middle East is further supported by Normal Lowe, where Britain’s ally in Iraq, premier Nuri-es Said came under increasing attack from other Arabs for his pro-British attitude. Britain’s damage from the Suez War then led to financial trouble where its international reserve was seriously depleted. Because of the blockage of canal and the disruption of pipeline caused by the Suez War, gas rationing was introduced in Britain.This meant Britain had no choice but to become more obedient and less reluctant to oppose any US policy for its financial support . While Mordechai Bar-On, the Bureau Chief- General of Moshe Dayan states in hindsight that from the view of Britain and France, the Suez war was a major mistake. From Israel’s point of view, it was ‘perhaps lucky’ that they made the mistake, because it was to this mistake, Israel ‘became more ready for the next round in 1967. ’ France on the other hand went its own way, opposed to Britain’s decision to side with the US.Led by de Gaulle, it left NATO and turned to leading Europe alongside a newly prosperous Germany. The Suez War had a profound impact on the Cold War. President Eisenhower explained that as a result of Suez, ‘The Middle East, which had always been coveted by Russia, today be prized more than ever by international communism’, this outcome was perhaps made by President Eisenhower himself as Timothy Naftali, author of Khrushchev’s Cold War explains that Nikita Khrushchev was able to get away with â€Å"nuclear bluff†, showing weakness of the US that the Soviet Union exploited.As Egypt turns towards the Soviet Union for aid, Eisenhower was to become even more determined in containing communism. He set u p the Eisenhower Doctrine which offers economic aid and military protection to Arab states that agree to reject communism. He even stated, ‘Since we are about to get thrown out of the [Middle East], we might as well believe in Arab nationalism’, showing Eisenhower’s awareness that the Middle East was to become the ‘arena’ of the Cold War.However, his comment cannot be fully relied on as it was perhaps an excuse for America to enter the Middle East with dual objectives, as in Canada’s point of view, supported by William Cobban, Eisenhower‘s beginning to commit US troops to the Middle East – ‘what he said he would never do’ – was to replace Britain with its ‘own brand of imperialism’. In conclusion, despite major losses inflicted on Egypt, Nasser was able to turn the defeat into a political victory in which Nasserism influence, where a blend of Pan-Arabism, positive neutralism and Arab socialism was to extent throughout the Arab nations.The results of the war have also proved Israel’s strength and determination in securing its position in the Middle East. Britain and France was to be humiliated and the Suez War accelerated decolonization and had caused them to lose influence in the Middle East. Relations between the USSR and USA have evidently resulted in a freeze rather than a thaw. However, the Suez War was just one of many events that had failed to resolve peace between Israel and Egypt. Andrew Goldsmith argues that the ‘internal politics of the Middle East were affected much less significantly than its external politics by the events of 1956. , Israel’s gain from the opening of Straits of Tiran and its peaceful border with Egypt were all reversed in 1967. Nasser still refused to recognize Israel. The contradiction is made by Moshe Dayan where he confirms that the result of Suez War stated ‘Reactionary and aggressive’ nature of Israel, and be cause it made Nasser the definite leader of the Arab World. Word count -1986 Appendix Photograph A obtained from http://www. theegyptianchronicles. com/Article/1956Jubilation. html Bibliography Secondary 1. Michael Scott-Baumann , Crisis in the Middle East: Israel and the Arab States 1945-2007, 2009 2.Normal Lowe, Mastering Modern World History,2005 3. Avi Shlaim, The Iron Wall Israel and the Arab World 4. Kirsten E. Shulze, The Arab-Israeli Conflict,1999 5. Andrew Goldsmith, http://www. hillel. upenn. edu/kedma/05/goldsmith. pdf 6. Paul Reynolds, http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/middle_east/5199392. stm, 7. http://israelipalestinian. procon. org/view. answers. php? questionID=000472 Contemporary 1. Michael Scott-Baumann, Conflict In the Middle East : Israel and the Arabs, 2007 2. http://millercenter. org/president/speeches/detail/3360 3. http://www. spartacus. schoolnet. co. uk/COLDsuez. tm 4. http://www. historylearningsite. co. uk/suez_crisis_1956. htm 5. William Cobban, Mission Sue z. The Canadian Experience 6. National Geographic : Suez Crisis 7. The Egyptian Chronicles 1956, Photograph in Appendix http://www. theegyptianchronicles. com/Article/1956Jubilation. html , 8. Council on Foreign relations, http://www. cfr. org/content/meetings/hungary_suez-summary. pdf ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Conflict in the Middle East: Israel and the Arabs page 23. By Michael Scott-Baumann [ 2 ]. http://www. theegyptianchronicles. com/Article/1956Jubilation. html [ 3 ].The Iron Wall Israel and the Arab World – page 143-185 by Avi Shlaim [ 4 ]. Mission Suez. The Canadian Experience by William Cobban [ 5 ]. http://israelipalestinian. procon. org/view. answers. php? questionID=000472 [ 6 ]. http://www. hillel. upenn. edu/kedma/05/goldsmith. pdf [ 7 ]. Modern World History page 238-289 [ 8 ]. National Geographic : Suez Crisis [ 9 ]. http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/middle_east/5 199392. stm- Paul Reynolds [ 10 ]. http://millercenter. org/president/speeches/detail/3360 [ 11 ]. http://www. cfr. org/content/meetings/hungary_suez-summary. pdf [ 12 ]. Mission Suez. The Canadian Experience by William Cobban

Thursday, October 10, 2019

National Occupational Standards: Health and Social Care Essay

1.2 – Explain why reflecting on work activities is an important way to develop own knowledge and skills Reflecting on work activities in an important way to develop knowledge, skills and practice it enables us to reach our goals, achieve a better understanding of ourselves, self-awareness, strengths and weaknesses. To be able to reflect on how individuals are doing and to transfer knowledge to our practice. The things that I know or what I don’t know, how to achieve some goals, achievements and where I need to improve. 1.3 – Describe ways to ensure that personal attitudes and beliefs do not obstruct the quality of work To be able to ensure that personal attitudes and beliefs do not obstruct the quality of work you must not let your own personal feelings get in the way of doing your job correctly, treat everybody as an equal and work to support the residents needs, have a positive attitude towards all of the residents we take care of, ensure we follow all policies and procedures of our work setting without making any expectation. Also to respect the rights of each  of the residents and do not allow prejudice in the work setting and give everybody the same opportunities, regardless of our opinion. Outcome 2 – Understand how learning activities can develop knowledge, skills and understanding see more:understand how to handle information in social care 2.1 – Describe how a learning activity has improved own knowledge, skills and understanding Learning activities can improve an individual’s knowledge, skill and understanding by providing us with new ideas, such as something we may have never encountered before. Learning activities also give the individual new areas of learning, such as subjects and topics that you may have not previously covered. And courses on things that make the job easier, or even legally required courses that produce great new areas of learning that allow us to perform our job role, such as manual handling or medication training. It also enables us to apply theories or ideas into practice and discover if they are successful in doing what we intend them to, which in turn is great in developing our self confidence. Confidence is often the key in making strides with a difficult individual or even with self improvement, and with being confident it allows us to learn at an easier pace, which also devel ops our skills into more tangible tools that we understand. 2.2 – Describe how reflecting on a situation has improved own knowledge, skills and understanding Reflecting on a situation can improve an individual greatly by providing personal insight on a subject, which leads to a better understanding of a topic, we can reflect on how well we performed and in what ways our performance could be improved. By reflecting we can examine how effective our practice is by thinking about people’s reactions to us. About how there may have been other outcomes, and how to reach those outcomes, eliminating the bad paths and highlighting the more positive conclusions, in hope of reaching them the next time we face the same situation. 2.3 Describe how feedback from others has developed own knowledge, skills and understanding Having feedback from others and being willing to listen to that feedback, as well as use it to your advantage is a huge part of self improvement, and plays a massive role in developing our knowledge, skills and understanding of certain things. Such as the way you speak to someone, as you’re talking and joking you might believe that the subjects you breach are perfectly acceptable, but the service user you are communicating with may not want to show they don’t want to talk about it either out of politeness or some other motive, but another member of staff  may be able to recognize this, and discuss it with you while they give out feedback which lets you identify the area for improvement. Feedback can increase problem solving capabilities by allowing you to take in a situation from another’s perspective, and approaching a previous problem in a way that you have discovered by listening to others, they will tell you their perspectives and how they might deal with a situation in a more appropriate way. Perhaps in the form of advice or even just a little more information on how a certain service user likes to be treated. Changing the way to act around someone can have a massive impact on them, and sometimes feedback is the only way to identify this. Outcome 3 – Know how a personal development plan can contribute to own learning and development 3.1 – Define the term personal development plan Personal Development Plan’ is a term which describes an agreed way of recording information such as agreed objectives in regards to an individual, proposals on how to meet those objectives and the activities to follow. Including timescales for reviews amongst other things, and dates to assess the progress of any of the above, though the term ‘personal development plan’ may not be used exactly 3.2 – Identify who could be involved in the personal development plan process There are many people who may be involved with certain service users personal development plan, these include but are not limited to people such as The individual Carers Advocates Supervisor Line manager Employer Other professionals. (nurses or doctors e.g.) 3.3 – Identify sources of support for own learning and development Support for own learning and development exists in many places both in the workplace and outside of the workplace. Such as Formal support (Government funded schemes and organizations) A supervision An appraisal Within the organization Outside of the organization. (people with experience and knowledge that you can speak to that exist outside of your workplace, such as family and friends.) 3.4 – List the benefits of using a personal development plan to identify ongoing improvements in own knowledge and understanding The benefits to having personal development plans in place include: Focusing on what an individual wants to achieve and how to achieve it To develop greater self awareness of training needs Increasing the understanding of how to meet those needs It provides evidence to show how and what approach was taken in the attempt to improve your own knowledge and understanding