Shopping online Essay Example for Free

Shopping online studyPeople need to purchase items such as clothing, and now leave the choice to shop online or make purchases in the traditional manner. I. Online shop has increased and changed the way population shop. 1) There is convince having the magnate to shop from home. *With the introduction of internet shop online has become popular. Shopping online allows access to merchandise sold dry land wide. It is a growing part of retail. Online shop is time saving and convenient. There is often no greet for traveling when ordering items online. People do non cast to interact. *Shopping online an individual does not have face to face transactions. There is limited person to person interaction with online shop. People do not have to deal with crowds or unwanted socialise. Ording items online can occur around the clock without the needing another persons assistance. A person can make returns and purchases with the click of a computer mouse. 3) Security of ad hominem info rmation and merchandise. authentic shopping websites straitss a detain way to make transactions. PayPal is a comp all that offers a reliable and secure way to make shopping online purchases. Using only secure sites bequeath economic aid secure personalised information. Tracking add togethers to track packages containing purchased items are often provided or can be requested. When reservation online purchase a confirmation can be sent to a personal email account if whizz has been provided. II. Traditional shopping offers things that internet shopping does not. 1) There is the ability to interact face to face with others. *When people go outside of their homes to shop they are able to socialize and make to acquaintances.With face to face shopping you can make sure that you are charged correctly. If someone is not charged correctly or mistakes have been made, a receipt is often given at the point of sell. It is easy to haggle for deals when shopping in person. Traditional shopp ing offers families and friends the chance to spend time together. 2) People can physically and visually check the graphic symbol of the merchandise. *With traditional shopping items to be purchased can be examined in advance of purchase. If the quality of an item is not what it should be it can be noticed quickly and easily when shopping traditionally. rough individuals prefer to look before they buy items to ensure they receive what they want. Shopping traditionally allows people the luck to do so. 3) It cost money to travel for shopping to make purchases. * Traveling of some sort will happen when shopping the traditional way. The expense of gas or bus tickets should be considered. Factoring in the cost of travel with the amount intended for shopping can help those on a budget. When shopping traditionally quality products are often found various areas. Travel expense will occur. III.Peoples shopping experience varies depending on how they shop via online or traditionally. 1) Some people enrapture socializing when shopping duration others do not. * People shop traditionally to spend time with family and friends. These people often enjoy socializing and are not concerned with crowds. Other people enjoy shopping online because of how convenient it is. People have different needs and desires. 2) Make sure personal information is secure and purchases are correct. *When shopping making sure personal information such as someones social security number is secure is important.Online shoppers and traditional shoppers should receive some proof of purchase once an item is purchased. Reviewing the receipt of any purchased item will aid with corrections if needed. Keeping record and receipts will also help if an item purchased needs to be returned or is defective. 3) The quality of merchandise, who, and how items are purchased should be considered when shopping. *Shopping online or traditionally the sellers reputation and credibility should be a consideration. Traditio nal shopping and online shopping offer the choice of who someone does business with.Quality and hard to find items are found easily on the internet and when shopping the traditional way. III. Conclusion 4) With the introduction of internet shopping individual can spot to make purchases online or in person. Online shopping has a large consumer market, but people also enjoy face to face transactions when shopping. The quality of merchandise, who, and how items are purchased are things considered when shopping. How someone chooses to shop depends on personal preference. The choices is yours.

ICT Coursework Essay Example for Free

ICT Coursework EssayVirus, a special program which nates do baneful also annoying subjects, it is a very tricky thing, because there are lots of different computer viruses, near of them might format your hard disk or they buns make copies of itself without the user knowing nearly itetc. they all pick up different behaviours but all of them do things that you may non like to let on to your computer.Before we know how to protect ourselves, we need to know how viruses work. Viruses are very annoying, because they spread. But they are not spreading in a normal way which you heap see they hide in the flush sector of a storage device, and this storage device can either be a floppy disk disk or CD-ROM that youve just borrowed from your friend. After it gets into your computer, it will do what the designer of this virus told it to do, it can be make millions of copies, or format the hard disketc.If so, how can people get away from this thing that you can not see? For the pu zzle like this, people have made those anti-virus programs to find the virus, I strongly recommend you to have an anti-virus program, because you may never know what it actually in the file you are looking.In a PC, if a virus gets in, it will begin to spread it self, and do damage to it. kitty we stop it? Yes, virus has always been a big problem to PCs, and there are many solutions as well, its just whether people actually do it or not. We can like have regular unhurt system virus scan e.g. every week. We can also use the floppy disk or CD-ROM that you trust, but even if you trust the source of it, you will still need to have a virus scan before you open it.Be careful with all the files that you have downloaded from the internet, because you may never know is it a clean file. Regular anti-virus program update will do as well. And if we can actually do these things properly, there shall be less problem form the virus.For a business party or school network, a firewall and the anti- virus program is needed. Viruses do not only go from storage devices, they can also come form other computers in your network. So if a single computer in your network gets the virus, all the computers on the network are in danger. So again, regular virus scan, be careful with all the files that you get from other placesetc. should help to keep the damage to stripped.For me, I do have those anti-virus programs and I do all the things Ive said above, with the anti-virus program, I think the damage is kept to a minimum but I found a problem, if a virus gets into the anti-virus program it self and changes the configuration of the system, nothing will be known because the anti-virus program it self is the virusHowever, virus has always been a problem for us, but if we do be aware of it, I am sure that the person who made the virus will soon find there is no way of getting a virus into our system. Finally, do never forget a virus can do anything to your computer, things can really go m altreat if you dont keep an eye on you computer.

Authoritarian Rule in Latin America Essay Example for Free

Authoritarian Rule in Latin America EssayLatin American politics since independence have been characterized by instability, oppressiveism, and violence. In a triad page essay beguile discuss the role of the soldiery in creating such problems using the chapter in the course reader empower The inviolable Sailor. Also, discuss whether or not the Argentinean case is typical or unique to Latin America. win explanations and analysis from The Good Sailor, lecture, and the textbook. An A piece will use whole three. Use size 12 Times New Roman font.The paper must be typed (or word-processed) on standard size paper (8 ? y 11) and double spaced with appropriate margins. Use MLA format with parenthetical citations-i. e. (Rosenberg, 84). Violence in Latin America is a significant part because so much of it is semipolitical planned, deliberate, and carried out by organised groups of society. It is used to make a point. The above quote supports that the violence and legions is i nterrelated and it is used as tool by the troops to instill fear and dominate people of the Latin America. Ranked as the third most unstable region in the world in the post-war era, political instability has been a pervasive problem in Latin America.Whether it is a caudillo, a charismatic boss with an armed following, or a general leading a golpe de estado or an authoritarian institution, Latin America is conceived as an authoritarian region always ruled by either multitude or politeian leaders. Only three Latin American countries were consistently democratic over the thirty year cessation from 1935 to 1964 Costa Rica, Colombia, and Venezuela. During this time, in that respect were 56 changes of government by military coup detats in 20 Latin American nations. In sum, political instability is a persistent and pernicious problem in the region.The question arises how military insurrection remained promoter of ruling in Latin America. It might be because since the time of caudill os, violence when used as a method to rule has brought desired results and authority. So it has become a used and proven instrument in the rulers toolbox. Also, it might be possible that the institutional inertia of the violent politics as inherited from predecessors success is deep rooted in the psychic of the rulers. Brazil was the starting signal of these Institutional dictatorships.When military rule began in 1964 after the overthrow of Joan Goulart, it was not a long frame but hard liners in military demanded more and more until soft liners came into action in 1974 to tantalise up the political rein. This military regime was institutionalized and created two political parties to channel political exertion Skidmore, Thomas Pg 358-360. opus in Chile, you will see the example to an institutional regime changing into personalistic angiotensin-converting enzyme with emerging of a dictator Augustus Pinochet, who ruled Chile from 1973 to 1989.Pinochet staged a very bloody coup i n which probably 2,000 people were killed in the coup and in the years immediately afterwards. Most Chileans back up some sort of army intervention, in part ironically because of their democratic history. They felt, It cant happen here. Our military isnt like the other militaries. They meant that the Chilean military cannot be as brutal as Argentinean military was. Our military will come in and restore order and clean house for six months and then leave. 17 years later, the military left after carrying on one of the most brutal and repressive regimes in Latin America and becoming a symbol of state terrorism. Argentina presents one of the most cunning cases in the period after 1955. In this country during this period there occurred 12 military coups. While Colombias violence had its roots because of the lack of social order and the Governments inability to place rules on a most chaotic society, in Argentina, the junta that came in power in military created incisively the opposite situation. When the military coup came into power in 1976 it suffocated Argentina with social order.It took over the educational institutions, changed the feel style of people even their appearance. Article The Good Sailor Pg. 13 Alfredo Astiz, a lieutenant general for the Navy who was vigorous in it from 1970 to 1995. Article The Good Sailor Pg. 24 Astiz was in Task Force 3. 2. 2 which killed more people during the soggy War than any other group. The Dirty War lasted from 1976 until 1983 and involved people getting disappeared. The term disappeared describes those who vanished during this period and were probably killed by the military before being tortured in inhumanely ways.It is these trocities and the new and savagely creative ways to torture people that made the Argentinean military different from the other regimes in Latin America. The term Dirty War originates in the military junta itself, which claimed that a war, albeit with different methods was necessary to claim s ocial order and eradicate political subversives. Although the junta claimed its objective to be the eradication of guerrilla activity, the repression strike mostly the general population, and specifically all political opposition, trade unionists (one-half of the victims), students, and other civilians.Many others were forced to go into exile, and many remain in exile today. When the Dirty War was a year and a half old, it had disappeared more than 6,500 Argentines. Article The Good Sailor Pg. 12. Even though the military knew in 1978 that 90% of the left was eradicated, they kept on fighting against imaginary subversives for 5 more years. Human ripes were not important to the Argentines. Despite obdurate opinion from the military, the hold The Good Sailor by Tina Rosenberg proves that excessive torture occurred. It is evident from testimonies in the article and the experience of Vilerinos. Article The Good Sailor Pg. 15, 16. He talked about a torture house with an galvanizi ng shock machine, torturing instruments and sand bags to hit people so no marks would show up. The military General and even the low rank officers believed that they have godlike powers instilled in them and it is their duty to clear all the dirt from the society by killing people they see fit. They had no shame in carrying into action horrendous tortures instead they took pride and enjoyed the process. As compared to Argentina, Mexico had one part rule (PRI ruled since 1929 to 2000) rather than military wars but still there was colossal bloodshed.It is not that only military intervention brings in political instability and violence as Mexico is a live example of both. However, after the study of the article The Good Sailor and reading the book Modern Latin America it seems to me that the extent of atrocities military regimes brought is incomparable to civil dictatorship. It is their hunger for power and vehemence to rule that make them feel they are god and have right to punish pe ople. Here we are the only gods said by a torturer in a chamber after brutally torturing a 52 year old women.

The development in the new world Essay Example for Free

The ontogeny in the new world EssayThe 17th century was the colonial date of reference when the British settled in North the States. These colonies are categorized into three groups- freshly England, midway, and Southern. Although parsimony and devotion had importance, geography was the primary factor in shaping the development of the British colonies.Although the separatists came to North America for apparitional reasons, it was non the reason for overbold Englands development and prosperity. Geography is the primary factor because economic activities and grapple were all dependent of the env straighten outment in which the colonists lived. Its cold climate, thick forest, and poor rocky soil do the land unsuit sufficient for crops. Therefore, they had to rely on the natural resources they had. The towns along the coast made their living get through fish, whaling, and shipbuilding. The coast New England settled on is grand in showing the precedence of geography bec ause it provided the colonies with a booming cod fishing industry. If they had not settled where they did, they would not chip in developed such(prenominal) a marketable product. The cod fishing industry along with the triangular trade is the reason economy was the standby factor.Cod played an important role in developing the economy of colonial New England. In The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith wrote about New England cod fishing as an example of the favored practice of free enterprise. The triangular trade route, which came to Boston in 17th century, is another example of economy contributing the development of the colonies. Boston carried rum made in New England to Africa to trade for slaves that were brought to Caribbean plantations, where molasses was purchased and brought back to New England to make rum.This is important because this new economic development was a huge growth of rum-making distilleries in mom and Rhode Island. It similarly gave a push to other industries, such as shipbuilding to carry goods to longer distances such as Africa. Religion was the last factor in the development of the New England colonies. The famous group of separatists departed to Holland to flee from King James I religious persecution. After twelve age of living in Holland, the Englishs children started to become Dutchified, so they secured rights with the Virginia Company to settle under their jurisdiction and ended up in the Massachusetts Bay colony. However, within these religious communities were those that had their own beliefs.This isimportant to the development of New England because these plurality would wee their own colonies, i.e. Anne Hotchinson and Roger Williams. Hotchinson challenged Puritan orthodoxy by saying that a holy life was no received sign of salvation and the truly saved do not need to obey the law of God. She was thence exiled and erect Rhode Island along with Roger Williams, who was too exiled for he challenged the bay colony for taking Indian land unfairly. many came to Rhode Island because they granted complete religious liberty, even for Jews and Catholics.Geography was the primary factor in shaping the development of the midriff Colonies. New York was founded at the mouth of the Hudson River and Philadelphia on the Delaware River. This is important because it created the perfect location for trade. It registers geography to be the primary factor because if the colonies were not founded along the coast they would not have been able to create the paid trading posts that they had, which would then lead to lack of economic success. Pennsylvania had fertile soil and a cushy climate well suited for farming and agriculture. They had raw materials such as timbers, fur, and coal, but most importantly, iron ore. This is significant to proving geography as the primary factor because not only could they take advantage of New York and New Jerseys location at ports to export their agricultural products, but they could also make out their own iron products such as plows, locks, and nails, and export them to England.If it were not for the geography of where they settled, they would not have been able to create such a large business, making it the primary factor in the development of the Middle Colonies. The close second is economy. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware were developed into profitable trading centers. The excellent harbors along the coasts of the Middle Colonies were ideal sites for cities. This was the perfect place for merchants to export cash crops, especially grain, and imported manufactured goods. This trade was important to the development of the Middle Colonies because it resulted in Philadelphia becoming the fastest growing city in the colonies. The citys wealth brought public improvements such as Philadelphias statehouse (Independence Hall) and streetlights along paved roads. New York also attain its rapid growth from trading. Its busy port handled numerous prod ucts including flour, bread, furs, and whale oil.Not only did their trade ports create large profit and advancement in cities, it created large diversity. Various immigrant groups arrived in the port cities of the Middle Colonies. This would prove to be helpful because one of the largest immigrant groups was the Germans, who continued to help in the Middle Colonies economy. They were known to be pass on in farming and brought over their tradition of artisanship. They built Conestoga wagons that were suitable for carrying produce throughout towns and offered covers to foster the produce from rain. Most of these Germans came as indentured servants searching for religious tolerance. Religion also made a big contribution to the Middle Colonies.William Penn was attracted to the Quaker trustingness in 1660 at only sixteen years old. Wanting to create an asylum for his people, Penn received a grant from the king in 1681. His Quaker faith demanded Pennsylvania to have no tax-supported ch urch, no demanded allegiance, equality between men and women, no slavery, and most importantly, freedom of worship. As a result, immigrants flooded the colony. Although Penn was against slavery, many of the immigrants were not, thus African slavery began. This proves religion to be of form to the shaping of development in the Middle Colonies because it provided large population growth and started some(prenominal) of the slavery in the North.Geography is the primary factor for the Southern Colonies success and development. The colonists of Jamestown settled in the Chesapeake area, which was largely swampy. In this mucilaginous area, the colonists were subject to an onslaught of diseases such as malaria and yellow fever. This inhibited the development of the colony for after devil years they still only had a population of 400. England sent the colonists to the New World in hopes to reduplicate the success of Spaniards who found gold in South America. However, once they realized t he land was incapable of oblation gold, they were forced to change their goals, i.e. grow their own food and find a marketable commodity. Virginia, Maryland, and Carolina all found gold in their tobacco, rice, and sugar plantations. Therefore, although economic success was the main reason for the Southern Colonies survival, it could not have been possible without the lands fertile soil and warm climates, which proves geography to be the primary factor.Therefore, economics, being the savior of the Virginia colony, is junior-grade in the development of the SouthernColonies. John Rolfe brought commercial success to Jamestown by introducing tobacco as a colonial export. Colonists now hungered for more than land to grow tobacco. Now that they had more tobacco plantations, they needed more workers. This is important because it began African slavery in the colonies. This proves that economy is important because it would dramatically shape the morals and standstill of slavery in the rest of the colonies. Maryland had the largest slave population who worked on cotton, tobacco, rice, sugar, and indigo plantations. This is important because it also contributed to the Southern Colonies economic success.However, it also unfortunately proves the beginnings of slavery in the south. Religion had little importance in comparison to geography and economics. In 1649, the colony of Maryland passed the Act of Toleration, which guaranteed toleration to all Christians. It decreed the finish penalty to any group who denied the divinity of God therefore, it granted Catholics safety. This is important to religion because after the colonial era ended, Maryland sheltered Roman Catholics more than any other colony. In this way, it proves that religion had albeit little, some importance in shaping the development in the Southern Colonies.As a whole, colonial Americas development was influenced by geography, religion, and economy. However, the most important contribution was made by geog raphy. Without its land and resources, the colonies would not have been able to prosper and develop into the successful colonies they became. Each of the three groups had their own unique aspects such as the coast, ports, and fertility, and that is all they needed to begin their industrious colonies.

Prospectus of bsrm steels limited Essay Example for Free

course catalogue of bsrm steels limited EssayDeclarations and due diligence certificates Declaration near the state of the conductors including the CEO of the Company in respect of the course catalogue Consent of the Directors to Serve Declaration about filing of course catalogue with the vertical flute of Joint neckcloth Companies Firms Due Diligence Certificate of Manger to the let on Due Diligence Certificate of the Underwriter(s) Risk factors management perceptions about the risks neat structure Use of initial public offering proceeds Description of personal credit line Back ground of the project Important meet Nature of trans activity Principal products and services The Rolling ProcessMarket for the BSRMS Products Relative contribution to income Associate subsidiary/ associate place fraternity Distribution of products/services Sources and availability of raw materials and principal suppliers Competitive condition of business concern Sources of and requirement for power, gas and water or any other utilities Customer providing 10% or much than revenues Contract with principal customers and suppliers Material patents, trademarks, license or royalty agreements Number of employees (as per audited accounts) Capacity and current function of facility Description of property financial Condition and Plan of OperationInternal and external sources of memory board (as per audited accounts) Material commitment for capital spending Causes for material changes Seasonal aspect of the Companys business Known trends, events or uncertainties Change in the assets of the Company used to pay off any liabilities contribute taken from take a shiting/p arent association or subsidiary social club Loan given to holding/parent company or subsidiary company Future contractual liabilities Future capital expenditure VAT, income tax, customs duty or other tax liability Operating lease agreement Financial lease and other financial commitment Personnel related schemeRevaluation of assets Breakdown of let out expenses Auditors certificate regarding any parcelling of shares to promoters or Sponsor shareholders for consideration other than in cash -5- knave No 7 7 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 13 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 Issuer Issue Managers entirelyiance Financial run express BSRM Steels hold sec Asia nifty contain position Transactions with subsidiary/holding company or associate companies Material reading which is likely to substantiate an impact Directors and officers Information regarding directorshipDirectors involvement in other organization Family relationship among directors and top five officers slight bio-data of the directors Credit information Bureau (CIB) floor Description of senior executive and departmental heads Involvement of Directors and officers in certain legal proceedings Certain Relationships and Related Transactions Transaction with related parties Directors facilities Executive earnings net income paid to top five salaried officers Aggregate amount of remuneration paid to directors and officers (as audited accounts) Remuneration paid to Director who was non an officerFuture compensation to Director or officers Pay increment intention Options granted to Directors, officers and employees Transaction with the Directors and subscribers to the Memorandum Tangible assets per share Ownership of the Companys securities musical theme of Shareholders Share hold by Directors Shareholding structure 5% or more as on 30 April 2008 Securities owned by the officers Determination of offering price Market for the securities being offered Declaration about list of shares with Stock step in Trading and settlement Description of Securities outstanding or being offered Dividend, voting, pre-emption even offs innovation and liquidation rights Dividend policy Other rights of shareholders Debt securities Lock- in on sponsors share repay of subscription m unitaryy Subscription by and quittance to non-resident East Pakistani (NRB) Availability of securities Offer Application for subscription aloneotment Underwriting of shares Principal terms and conditions of at a lower placewriting agreement Underwriters right to represent in the Board of Directors of the Company Auditors report to the shareholders Audited Financial Statements Auditors report downstairs section 135(1), conservation of parity 24(1) of part II of schedule III to Companies Act, 1994 Ratio AnalysisAdditional dis firmnesss as required by Securities and Exchange Commission Credit rating report of BSRMS Application forms -6- Page No 23 23 23 23 24 25 26 26 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 29 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 36 36 36 36 37 38 38 38 38 39 40 54 55 57 59 76 Issuer Issue Managers federation Financial Services confine BSRM Steels Limited southwestward Asia Capital Limited Disclosure i n respect of consequence of security in Demat Form As per furnish of the Depository Act, 1999 and regulations do on that point under, shares testament moreover be resolutiond in dematerialized condition. All transfer/ contagious disease/splitting give take place in the Central Depository Bangladesh Ltd. (CDBL) system and any push emergence of shares (right/bonus) will be bug outd in dematerialized form only. Conditions under Section 2CC of the Securities and Exchange Ordinance, 1969 role A 1. The company shall go for Initial Public Offer ( initial public offering) for 20,00,000 ordinary shares of Taka 100 (taka whizz hundred) each at par worth Taka 20,00,00,000 (Taka twenty crore) only following the Securities and Exchange Commission (Public Issue) Rules, 2006, the Depository Act, 1999 and regulations make at that place under.2. The foreshorten sport of the course catalogue, as approved by the Commission, shall be make by the issuer in quadruple national daily n ewspapers (in two Bangla and two English), in spite of appearance 03 (three) functional years of issuance of this letter. The issuer shall post the practiced prospectus vetted by the Securities and Exchange Commission in the issuers website and shall also put on the websites of the Commission, nervous strain exchanges, and the issue managers at bottom 03 (three) working long time from the image of issuance of this letter which shall remain posted public treasury the closure of the subscription list.The issuer shall pick out to SEC, the contain exchanges and the issue managers a diskette containing the text of the vetted prospectus in MS -Word format. 3. Sufficient copies of prospectus shall be made available by the issuer so that any person requesting a copy may receive one. A notice shall be placed on the front of the natural covering form distributed in connection with the offering, informing that interested persons are entitled to a prospectus, if they so desire, an d that copies of prospectus may be obtained from the issuer and the issue managers.The subscription use shall indicate in bold type that no sales agreement of securities shall be made, nor shall any money be taken from any person, in connection with much(prenominal) sale until twenty five years after the prospectus has been published. 4. The company shall submit 40 (forty) copies of the printed prospectus to the Securities and Exchange Commission for official record at heart 5 (Five) working years from the consider of issue of the abridged version of the prospectus in the newspaper. 5.The issuer company and the issue managers shall underwrite transmission of the prospectus, abridged version of the prospectus and relevant application forms for NRBs through e-mail, simultaneously with publication of the abridged version of the prospectus, to the Bangladesh Embassies and Missions foreign and shall also ensure sending of the printed copies of abridged version of the prospect us and application forms to the said Embassies and Missions within five working days of the publication date by express mail service (EMS) of the postal department.A compliance report shall be submitted in this respect to the SEC jointly by the issuer and the issue managers within two working days from the date of said dispatch of the prospectus the forms. 6. The paper clipping of the published abridged version of the prospectus, as mentioned at condition 2 above, shall be submitted to the Commission within 24 hours of the publication thereof. 7.The company shall maintain separate believe account(s) for collecting proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and shall also scatter FC account(s) to deposit the application money of the Non-Resident Bangladeshis (NRBs) for IPO purpose, and shall incorporate beat particulars of said FC account(s) in the prospectus. The company shall string out the abovementioned accounts for IPO purpose and close these accounts after refund of over-sub scription.Non- Resident Bangladeshi (NRB) means Bangladeshi citizens staying abroad including all those who abide dual citizenship (provided they have a legitimate Bangladeshi laissez passer) or those, whose foreign passport bear a stamp from the concerned Bangladesh Embassy to the effect that no visa is required to travel to Bangladesh. 8. The issuer company shall apply to all the stock exchanges in Bangladesh for listing within 07(seven) working days from the date of issuance of this letter and shall simultaneously submit the vetted prospectus with all exhibits, as submitted to SEC, to the stock exchanges.9. The following declaration shall be made by the company in the prospectus, namely Declaration about Listing of Shares with the Stock Exchange(s) none of the stock exchange(s), if for any reason, grants listing within 75 days from the closure of subscription, any allotment in terms of this prospectus shall be void and the company shall refund the subscription money within fif teen days from the date of refusal for listing by the stock exchanges, or from the date of expiry of the said 75 (seventy five) days, as the case may be.In case of non -refund of the subscription money within the aforesaid fifteen days, the company directors, in addition to the issuer company, shall be collectively and severally liable for refund of the subscription money, with interest at the rate of 2% (two percent) per month above the bank rate, to the subscribers concerned. -7- Issuer Issue Managers Alliance Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels Limited South Asia Capital LimitedThe issue managers, in addition to the issuer company, shall ensure due compliance of the above mentioned conditions and shall submit compliance report thereon to the Commission within seven days of expiry of the aforesaid fifteen days time gunpoint allowed for refund of the subscription money. 10. The subscription list shall be opened and the sale of securities commenced after 25 (twenty five) da ys of the publication of the abridged version of the prospectus and shall remain open for 5 (Five) consecutive banking days. 11.A non-resident Bangladeshi shall apply either directly by enclosing a foreign demand muster drawn on a bank account payable at Dhaka, or through a prospect by paying out of foreign currency deposit account maintained in Bangladesh or in Taka, agreeed by foreign currency encashment certificate issued by the concerned bank, for the value of securities employ for through crossed bank cheque marking Account Payee only. The NRB applicants shall send applications to the issuer company within the closing date of the subscription so as to reach the same to the company by the closing date plus nine days.Applications accepted by the company after the above time period will not be considered for allotment purpose. 12. The company shall apply the spot buying rate (TT clean) in US Dollar, UK Pound Sterling and Euro of Sonali Bank, which shall be mentioned in the c ourse catalog, as prevailed on the date of opening of the subscription for the purpose of application of the NRBs and other non-Bangladeshi persons, where applicable. 13. The company and the issue managers shall ensure prompt collection/clearance of the foreign remittances of NRBs and other non-Bangladeshis, if applicable, for allotment of shares.14. Upon completion of the period of subscription for securities the issuer and the issue managers shall jointly provide the Commission and the stock exchanges with the preliminary status of the subscription within 05 (five) working days, in respect of the following matters, namely (a) Total descend of securities for which subscription has been received (b) Amount received from the subscription and (c) Amount of commission paid to the banker to the issue. 15.The issuer and the issue managers shall jointly provide the Commission and the stock exchanges the list of valid and invalid applicants in 2 (two) CDs and final status of subscription to the Commission within 3 (three) weeks after the closure of the subscription along with bank statement (original), branch-wise subscription statement. The list of valid and invalid applicants shall be finalized after examination with the CDBL in respect of BO accounts and particulars thereof. 16.The IPO shall stand cancelled and the application money shall be refunded immediately (but not afterwards than 5 (Five) weeks from the date of the subscription closure) if any of the following events occur (a) Upon closing of the subscription list it is found that the total number of valid applications (in case of under subscription including the number of the underwriter) is less than the minimum requirement as specified in the listing regulations of the stock exchange(s) concerned or (b) At least 50% of the IPO is not subscribed. 17.10% of total public offering shall be reserved for non-resident Bangladeshi (NRB) and 10% for mutual funds and collective investment schemes registered with the Commission, and the remaining 80% shall be open for subscription by the general public. In case of under subscription under any of the 10% categories mentioned above, the unsubscribed portion shall be added to the general public category and, if after such addition, there is over subscription in the general public category, the issuer and the issue managers shall jointly conduct an open drawing off of all the applicants added together.18. All the applicants shall first be treated as applied for one minimum commercialise lot of 50 shares worth Tk. 5000/-. If, on this basis, there is over subscription, then lottery shall be held amongst the applicants allocating one identification number for each application, irrespective of the application money. In case of over-subscription under any of the categories mentioned hereinabove, the issuer and the issue managers shall jointly conduct an open lottery of all the applications received under eachcategory by the piece in presence of r epresentatives from the issuer, the stock exchanges and the applicants, if there be any. 19. An applicant cannot submit more than two applications, one in his/her own name and another jointly with another person. In case an applicant makes more than two applications, all applications will be treated as invalid and will not be considered for allotment purpose. In addition, whole or part of application money may be forfeit by the Commission. -8- Issuer Issue Managers Alliance Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels LimitedSouth Asia Capital Limited 20. The primary shares allotted to an applicant through IPO may be forfeited by SEC, if the BO account of the said applicant is found closed at the time of allotment of shares. All IPO applicants are required to keep their BO accounts operational till allotment of IPO shares. 21. Lottery (if applicable) shall be held within 4 (four) weeks from closure of the subscription date. 22. The company shall issue share allotment letters to all suc cessful applicants within 5 (five) weeks from the date of the subscription closing date.Within the same time, Refund to the unsuccessful applicants shall be made in the currency in which the value of securities was paid for by the applicants without any interest through Account Payee Cheque/ refund warrants with bank account number, banks name and Branch as indicated in the securities application forms payable at Dhaka/ Chittagong/ Khulna/ Rajshahi/ Barisal/ Sylhet/ Bogra, as the case may be subject to condition 19 above. Refund money of the unsuccessful applicants shall be credited directly to their respective bank accounts within 5 (five) weeks from the date of the subscription closing, who have mentioned in the IPO application forms, bank account numbers with the bankers to the issue and other banks as disclosed in the prospectus. A compliance report in this regard shall be submitted to the Commission within 6(six) weeks from the date of closure of subscription. 23. The company s hall furnish the List of Allotees to the Commission and the stock exchange(s) simultaneously in which the shares will be listed, within 24 (twenty four) hours of allotment.24. In the event of under-subscription of the public offering, the unsubscribed portion of securities shall be taken up by the underwriter(s) (subject to para -16 above). The issuer must notify the underwriter to take up the underwritten shares within 10 (ten) days of the subscription closing date on full payment of the share money within 15(fifteen) days of the issuers notice. The underwriter shall not share any underwriting fee with the issue managers, other underwriters, issuer or the sponsor group. 25.All issued shares of the issuer at the time of according this consent shall be subject to a lock in period of three years from the date of issuance of prospectus or commercial operation, whichever comes later Provided that the persons, other than directors and those who hold 5% or more, who have subscribed to th e shares of the company within immediately preceding two years of according consent, shall be subject to a lock -in period of one year from the date of issuance of prospectus or commercial operation, whichever comes later.26. Either a Jumbo Share (one for each of the quick Sponsors/ Directors/ Shareholders) in respect of the shares already issued shall be issued covering together respective total holding, which shall contain the expiry date of lock-in period or Sponsors/Directors/Promoters/Shareholders shareholding shall be converted into demat form but shall be locked-in as per the condition at para-25 above. 27.In case of Jumbo Share Certificate issued to the existing Sponsors/ Directors/Shareholders, the said share certificates shall be unplowed under custody of a security custodian bank registered with SEC during the lock-in period. The name and branch of the bank shall be furnished to the Commission jointly by the issuer and the issue managers, along with a hinderance thereof from the custodian bank, within one week of listing of the shares with the stock exchange(s). 28. In case of dematerialization of shares heldby the existing Sponsors/ Directors/Shareholders, the copy of dematerialization confirmation report generated by CDBL and attest by the managing director of the company along with lock-in confirmation shall be submitted to SEC within one week of listing of the shares with the stock exchange(s). 29. The company shall apply to the stock exchanges for listing within 7(seven) working days of issuance of this letter and shall simultaneously submit to the Commission attested copies of the application filed with the stock exchanges.30. The company shall not declare any benefit other than cash dividend ground on the financial statement for the period ended December 31, 2007. Part-B 1. The issue managers (i. e. , Alliance Financial Services Limited and South Asia Capital Limited) shall ensure that the abridged version of the prospectus and the full p rospectus is published correctly and in strict conformity without any error/omission, as vetted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. 2.The issue managers shall carefully examine and compare the published abridged version of prospectus on the date of publication with the copy vetted by SEC. If any discrepancy/inconsistency is found, both the issuer and the issue managers shall jointly publish a corrigendum immediately in the same newspapers concerned, simultaneously endorsing copies thereof to SEC and the stock exchange(s) concerned, correcting the discrepancy/inconsistency as required under Due Diligence Certificates provided with SEC. -9- Issuer Issue Managers Alliance Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels Limited South Asia Capital Limited 3. Both the issuer company and the issue managers shall, immediately after publication of the prospectus and its abridged version, jointly inform the Commission in writing that the published prospectus and its abridged version are verba tim copies of the same as vetted by the Commission. 4. The fund collected through IPO shall not be utilized foregoing to listing with stock exchange and that utilization of the said fund shall be effected through banking channel, i.e. through account payee cheque, pay order or bank drafts etc. 5. The company shall furnish report to the Commission on utilization of IPO proceeds within 15 days of the closing of each quarter until such fund is fully utilized, as mentioned in the schedule contained in the prospectus, and in the event of any irregularity or inconsistency, the Commission may employ or adopt any person, at issuers cost, to examine whether the issuer has utilized the proceeds for the purpose disclosed in the prospectus.6. All transactions, excluding petty cash expenses, shall be effected through the companys bank account(s). 7. Proceeds of the IPO shall not be used for any purpose other than those specified in the prospectus. Any departure in this respect must have prior approval of the shareholders in the General Meeting under intimation to SEC and stock exchange(s). 8. The company shall remove the restrictive clauses regarding issuance transfer of shares and grouping of shares from its Articles of Association.Part C 1. All the above conditions imposed under section 2CC of the Securities and Exchange Ordinance, 1969 shall be incorporated in the prospectus immediately after the page of the table of contents, with a reference in the table of contents, prior to its publication. 2. The Commission may impose further conditions/restrictions etc. from time to time as and when considered necessary, which shall also be binding upon the issuer company. Part D 1.As per provision of the Depository Act, 1999 and regulations made there under, shares will only be issued in dematerialized condition. All transfer/transmission/splitting will take place in the Central Depository Bangladesh Ltd. (CDBL) system and any further issuance of shares (including right/bonus ) will be made in dematerialized form only. An applicant (including NRB) shall not be able to apply for allotment of shares without beneficial possessor account (BO account).2. The issue managers shall also ensure due compliance of all above. GENERAL INFORMATION Alliance Financial Services Limited (AFSL) and South Asia Capital Limited (SACL) have prepared the prospectus from information supplied by BSRM Steels Limited (the Issuer Company) and also after several discussions with the Chairman, Managing Director, Directors and concerned executives of the company.BSRM Steels Limited, Alliance Financial Services Limited and South Asia Capital Limited collectively and individually, having made all reasonable inquiries, confirm that to the best of their friendship and belief, the information contained herein is true and correct in all material aspects and that there are no other material facts, the omission of which, would make any statement herein misleading.No person is clear to give any information or to make any representation not contained in this Prospectus and if given or made, any such information and representation must not be relied upon as having been authorized by the company or Alliance Financial Services Limited and South Asia Capital Limited. The Issue as contemplated in this prospectus is made in Bangladesh and is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Courts of Bangladesh. send on this prospectus to any person resident outside Bangladesh in no way implies that the issue is made in accordance with the laws of that country or is subject to the jurisdiction of the laws of that country. A copy of this prospectus may be obtained from the Corporate Head Office of BSRM Steels Limited, Alliance Financial Services Limited, South Asia Capital Limited, the Underwriters and the Stock Exchanges where the securities will be traded. 10 Issuer Issue Managers Alliance Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels Limited South Asia Capital Limited Declarations and Due Diligence CertificatesDeclaration about the Responsibility of the Directors, including the CEO of the Company BSRM Steels Limited in Respect of the Prospectus This prospectus has been prepared, seen and approved by us, and we, individually and collectively, accept full responsibility for the authenticity and accuracy of the statements made, information given in the prospectus, documents, financial statements, exhibits, annexes, papers submitted to the Commission in support thereof, and confirm, after making all reasonable inquiries that all conditions concerning this public issue and prospectus have been met and that there are no other information or documents the omission of which make any information or statements therein misleading for which the Commission may take any civil, criminal or administrative action against any or all of us as it may deem fit. We also confirm that full and fair disclosure has been made in this prospectus to enable the investors to make a well-i nformed end for investment. Sd/ Alihussain Akberali Chairman Sd/Zohair Taherali Director Sd/Aameir Alihussain Managing Director*Sd/Tehseen Zohair Taherali Director Sd/Sabeen Aameir Director Consent of the Directors to Serve We hereby agree that we have been serving as Directors of BSRM Steels Limited and confirm to continue to act as Directors of the Company. Sd/ Alihussain Akberali Chairman Sd/Zohair Taherali Director Sd/Aameir Alihussain Managing Director* Sd/Tehseen Zohair Taherali Director Sd/Sabeen Aameir Director * Mr. Aameir Alihussain is also a shareholder Director of the company. Declaration about filing of Prospectus with the Registrar of Joint Stock Companies Firms A dated and signed copy of the Prospectus has been filed for registration with the Registrar of J

Incremental profit Essay Example for Free

Incremental profit EssayDistinguish between the followinga) perseverance hold and Firm (Company) demand, b) Short-run demand and Long run demand, and c) Durable goods demand and Non-durable goods demand.2 . What argon the problems faced in determining the demand for a durable good? Illustrate with example of demand for households refrigerator or television set.3 . Analyze the method by which a firm send away allocate the given advertising budget between variant media of advertisement.4 . What kind of relationship would you subscribe to between short-run and long-run average cost curves when these are not U-shaped as suggested by the contemporary theories?5 . How do demand forecasting methods for new products vary from those for established products?6 . What are the different methods of measuring national income? Which methods have been followed in India?7 . What do you understand by the investment multiplier factor? In what way does it defend the policy of public works on the part of the state during employment depression?8 . Discuss the various phases of business cyclea. Are cyclical fluctuations necessary for economic growth? b. Suggest appropriate fiscal and monetary policies for depressionAssignment B all national StudyElectron Control, Inc., sells voltage regulators to other manufacturers, who then customize and distribute the products to quality assurance labs for their rude(a) test equipment. The yearly volume of output is 15,000 building blocks. The sell price and cost per unit are shown downstairsSelling price$200CostsDirect material$35Direct labor50Variable overhead25Variable selling expenses25Fixed selling expenses15 one hundred fiftyUnit profit before tax$ 50Management is evaluating the alternative of performing the necessary customizing to have Electron Control to sell its output straightaway to Q/A labs for $275 per unit. Although no added investment is required in productive facilities, additional processing costs are estimated as Direct labor$25 per unitVariable overhead$15 per unitVariable selling expenses$10 per unitFixed selling expenses$100,000 per yearCalculate the incremental profit Electron Control would earn by customizing its instruments and marketing directly to end users.

Media studies †Life on Mars Essay Example for Free

Media studies liveness on spoil EssayHow does life on mars (2006) use opthalmic codes, technical, audio and narrative codes to create a sense of extravagance and encourage the listening to watch.In this first episode of Life on Mars there ar many different codes and conventions utilise to make this series instantly appealing to the sense of hearing. The episode is excellently paced and sprucely directed, realiseting us into 1973 within 10 minutes and introducing new characters effortlessly.Sequence 1 of life on mars gets the audition instantly familiar with the medical specialtyal style, the episode begins with a police car chasing passel a defendant which quickly shows us this is a hybrid police crime drama. The diegetic sounds of police sirens and dogs along with the non diegetic practice of medicine, a heartbeat which is be with surface-to-air missile the detective in the police car creating suspense as we get a feel for how surface-to-air missile is feel a s the heartbeat signifies his nerves also introducing the reference to relay link surface-to-air missile Tyler, these audio codes add up to create an exciting police chase which again expresses the genre of Life on Mars.Once out of the car Sam is forced to chase his primary suspect down an eithery way in a council estate in the city giving the reference a feel for the setting. The music isnt as dramatic while the chase is happening but speeds up during more dramatic parts of the chase which creates suspense. Cinema-verte is used when filming the chase which makes the audience feel almost part of the chase, this entertaining filming technique and creative use of music makes Life on Mars exciting to the audience creating enigma and encouraging them to watch on. This chase takes us up to Colin Raimes arrest bring us to sequence 2.In sequence 2 Sams colleague and girlfriend, Maya, be inter great dealing suspect Colin Raimes. Sam and Maya cladding Colin and his lawyers, which cre ates focus between these two sets of people. During the interview there is a nigh up of Colin Raimes which engages the audience creating tension and increasing the viewers curiosity as to what this suspect has through and makes them wonder has he done it or non?The diegetic recording sound in the background shows the viewers the interview is being recorded and shows the viewers the seriousness of the situation, the room is dark with little light which creates a professional mood, the dark setting is a technique used to scare the suspect in to talking, perfect for the situation. The narrative codes in this sequence break away allot about Colin Raimes as he gets upset by the images he is being shown, we learn Colin sees a psychiatrist and his lawyers talk about how kids would throw fireworks at him on his estate. This is evidence to show that Colin is vulnerable and is perhaps mad, the audience may take pity on him or take a different view on the suspect, this makes the viewers c urious and increases their indigence to watch on.After the interview in sequence 3, Maya isnt done with the suspect and decides to fol down(p) him on her own, only to be kidnapped. Once Maya is kidnapped Sam becomes sad and heads out looking for her, there is a close up of Sams face and he is distressed with tears running from his eyes. This visual codes entrust make the audience feel sympathetic towards Sam and shows us perhaps he is feeling stronger than just friendship for Maya. Sams nerves eventually get the better of him when he has to stop the car to retrospect himself, standing there half-heartedlyhe says into himself, The world is a scary place again this shows the audience he is thinking about Maya and involves to find her increasing their sympathy for him and overall making the viewers command to continue to watch to see the conclusion. The different audio codes used express Sams feeling for Maya as the non diegetic music plays softly whilst he cries and thinks about her, this corresponds with the visual codes creating a sympathetic feel for the protagonist making the audience pity him. Sam is unexpectedly struck by a speeding vehicle which brings me to sequence four.Sam is struck really unexpectedly and this may have came as a shock to the audience, the accident is very unexpected and this is done deliberately to shock the audience as this scene is key to the viewers as it is where the storyline unfolds as after this it is based in 1973, where Sam time travels back in time.The diegetic sounds used are very impacting, when the car hits Sam, initially there is a loud sound to signify he has been hit, after this all that can be heard is silence which corresponds with how the audience will feel, as they will be shocked at what has just happened. This creates enigma and increases the viewers curiosity to keep watching and they are now introduced to how Life on Mars is going to take place. (back in time) will Sam be okay? what will happen next? are few of the questions the audience will be ask making them exciting and encouraging them to keep watching.Once Sam is hit and the audience are advised of what happened there is a close up of him laying vulnerably on the ground, this close up sapidity shows his eyes, wide open but yet not moving, with only police sirens and a heartbeat which is corresponding with Sams as he lays on the tarmac, creating tension and making the audience question if he is even alive. This close up then changes to a high shot as the camera slowly moves up, looking down on Sam which shows how empty the road is, no traffic just him. This suggests a change in time and expresses to the audience what has happened introducing them to 1973. These visual and technical codes all raise the audiences awareness causing them to ask questions and want to get it on the conclusion.Sequence five is the most important as, Sam wakes up to find himself in 1973, consummate with 1970s era clothing and an 8-track acting L ife on Mars in a car. muzzy and confused, Sam wanders back to the police precinct he works at, only to find it filled with cigarette-smoking, gum-chewing strangers hes never seen before. The music is significant as before the crash David Bowies 1970s numbers Life on Mars was playing on Sams ipod in the car. This is strange as he has travelled back in time to when this song was just out and extremely popular.Sams feeling are conveyed in different ways, with voices in his head from when he was a boy repeating, where are you? as he wakes up in a forest, obviously not where he was before. Creating enigma for the audience and making them aware of the time change increasing their excitement and want to continue watching.When Sam stands up in 1973, with no clue as to where he is the camera is low angled and is circling him while Life on Mars plays which really creates a confusing atmosphere wake that Sam does not know what is going on. This technical camera work helps to express Sams fe elings and shows the audience a broader understanding of whats going on.Everything has changed in Sams world, The set designs and costumes effectively evoke the era, as well as the grittiness of the plane neighbourhood and police precinct. Everything feels straight out of the 70s, from the clothing to the cars to the horridly ugly decorating in Sams apartment.Throughout the episode, Sam hears hospital noises and doctor voices and at one point sees a person on late wickedness TV talking like a doctor describing Sam being in a coma. Sam becomes increasingly convinced that he truly is in a coma, and that none of this world is real. he believes it is all part of his imagination. These are some of the ways in which Sam portrays his feelings to the audience during this sequence. Which allows the audience to get to know Sam and begin to have a feel for his character encouraging them to continue to watch Life on Mars.Later Sam meets a young police officer named Annie Cartwright who he begi ns to open up to and express his opinion and at one point tells herI had an accident and when I woke up, I was here. altogether here is 33 years in the past. Now, that either makes me a time-traveller, a lunatic, or Im lying in a hospital bed in 2006 and none of this is real.This quotation of what he says gives the audience insight into how he feels about the whole situation, this again allows the audience to engage with Sam and feel what he is going through, the audience will grow a certain like for Sam and this creates a sense of excitement and encourages the audience to continue to watch Life on Mars.